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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the ability to remember the things weve experienced, imagined, and learned
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memory
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a computer-like model used to describe the way humans ancode, store, and retrieve information
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information-processing Model
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entry points for raw information from the senses
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sensory registers
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visual image
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icon
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different ranges of stimuli are used to encourage different results
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partial-report technique
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selection of some incoming information for further processing
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attention
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working memory; briefly stores and processes selected information from sensory registers
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short-term memory
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grouping of information into meaningful units for easier handling by short-term memory
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chunking
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argues that passage of time causes forgetting
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decay theory
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argues that interference from other information causes forgetting
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interference theory
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study in which subjects are given letters, then learned numbers, and went back to letters
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distractor studies
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retaining information in STM simply by repeating it over and over
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rote rehearsal
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linking of new information in STM to familiar material stored in LTM
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elaborative reherasal
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inability to recall events immediately preceding an accident or injury but without loss of earlier memory
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retrograde amnesia
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portion of memory that is more or less permanent, corresponding to things we "know"
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Long-term memory
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portion of LTM that stores general facts and information
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semantic memory
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portion of LTM that stores specific information that has personal meaning
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episodic memory
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memory for information that was intentionally committed to memory or retrieved from memory
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explicit memory
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memory for information that was unintentionally committed to memory
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implicit memory
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phenomenon frequent during stressful situations and as people get older, occurring most often with words that are rarely used
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tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
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capacity for sensory registers
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unlimited
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duration of visual memory in sensory registers
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one second
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duration of auditory memory in sensory registers
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three to four seconds
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capacity for shor-term memory
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limited, 7+-2
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duration of short-term memory
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15-20 seconds
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process by which new information interferes with old information already n memory
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retroactive interference
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process by which old material already in memory interferes with new information
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proactive interference
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a set of beliefs or expectations about something that is based on past experience
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schema
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placing a view that doesnt agree with our own into the subconscious, ignoring it from memory
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repression phenomenon
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memory loss that has no neurological origin
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hysterical amnesia
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a vivid memory of a certain event and the incidents surrounding it even after a long time has passed
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flashbulb memory
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significant event is "printed" and stored
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"now print" theory
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the ability to reproduce unusually sharp and detailed images of something one has seen
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eidetic imagery
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someone with highly developed memory skills
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mnemonist
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SQRRR
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survey, questio, read, recite, review
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techniques to improve memory
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(1) develop motivation
(2) practice memory skills (3) be confident in your ability to remember (4) minimize distractions (5) stay focused |
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techniques taht make material easier to remember
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mnemonics
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part of frontal lobes that may be involved in binding together information stores seperately throughout the brain
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basal forebrain
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participates in transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory
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hippocampus
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untreatable neurological disorder that causes severe memory loss
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alzheimers
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form of amnesia caused by vitamin deficiency in poor diet typically eaten by alcohol abusers
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karsa koffs
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garaunteed solution
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algorythm
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rule of thumb
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heuristic
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our collection of events that happened in our life and when those events take place
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autobiographical memory
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result of childs brain not being fully developed at birth, or lack a well-developed schemata
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infantile amnesia
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