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45 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
the ability to remember the things weve experienced, imagined, and learned
memory
a computer-like model used to describe the way humans ancode, store, and retrieve information
information-processing Model
entry points for raw information from the senses
sensory registers
visual image
icon
different ranges of stimuli are used to encourage different results
partial-report technique
selection of some incoming information for further processing
attention
working memory; briefly stores and processes selected information from sensory registers
short-term memory
grouping of information into meaningful units for easier handling by short-term memory
chunking
argues that passage of time causes forgetting
decay theory
argues that interference from other information causes forgetting
interference theory
study in which subjects are given letters, then learned numbers, and went back to letters
distractor studies
retaining information in STM simply by repeating it over and over
rote rehearsal
linking of new information in STM to familiar material stored in LTM
elaborative reherasal
inability to recall events immediately preceding an accident or injury but without loss of earlier memory
retrograde amnesia
portion of memory that is more or less permanent, corresponding to things we "know"
Long-term memory
portion of LTM that stores general facts and information
semantic memory
portion of LTM that stores specific information that has personal meaning
episodic memory
memory for information that was intentionally committed to memory or retrieved from memory
explicit memory
memory for information that was unintentionally committed to memory
implicit memory
phenomenon frequent during stressful situations and as people get older, occurring most often with words that are rarely used
tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
capacity for sensory registers
unlimited
duration of visual memory in sensory registers
one second
duration of auditory memory in sensory registers
three to four seconds
capacity for shor-term memory
limited, 7+-2
duration of short-term memory
15-20 seconds
process by which new information interferes with old information already n memory
retroactive interference
process by which old material already in memory interferes with new information
proactive interference
a set of beliefs or expectations about something that is based on past experience
schema
placing a view that doesnt agree with our own into the subconscious, ignoring it from memory
repression phenomenon
memory loss that has no neurological origin
hysterical amnesia
a vivid memory of a certain event and the incidents surrounding it even after a long time has passed
flashbulb memory
significant event is "printed" and stored
"now print" theory
the ability to reproduce unusually sharp and detailed images of something one has seen
eidetic imagery
someone with highly developed memory skills
mnemonist
SQRRR
survey, questio, read, recite, review
techniques to improve memory
(1) develop motivation
(2) practice memory skills
(3) be confident in your ability to remember
(4) minimize distractions
(5) stay focused
techniques taht make material easier to remember
mnemonics
part of frontal lobes that may be involved in binding together information stores seperately throughout the brain
basal forebrain
participates in transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory
hippocampus
untreatable neurological disorder that causes severe memory loss
alzheimers
form of amnesia caused by vitamin deficiency in poor diet typically eaten by alcohol abusers
karsa koffs
garaunteed solution
algorythm
rule of thumb
heuristic
our collection of events that happened in our life and when those events take place
autobiographical memory
result of childs brain not being fully developed at birth, or lack a well-developed schemata
infantile amnesia