Psychology Of Motivation Chapter 8

Front 1

What is reintegration?

Back 1

Describes the process by which a need is activated or restored.

Front 2

What are the four components of the drive reduction diagram?

Back 2

Know Diagram

Front 3

What are the five stages, in order of Maslow's original "Hierarchy of Needs"

Back 3

1. Self Actualization
2. Esteem
3. Love / Belonging
4. Safety
5. Physiological

Front 4

Definition of Self-Actualization and examples

Back 4

~Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, and acceptance of facts.
~Examples-Challenge, innovation, creativity, maximizing one’s potential / Autonomy, responsibility, participation in high-level meetings and projects, community service

Front 5

Definition of Esteem and examples

Back 5

~Self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect for others, and respect by others
~Examples- Ego, achievement, recognition, respect, prestige, status / Trophies, plaques, promotions, respect, work success celebrations

Front 6

Definition of Love / Belonging and examples

Back 6

~Friendship, family, sexual intimacy
~Examples- Social acceptance, friends, love, affection, being part of a group or team / Company picnics, office/cafeteria configuration, work anniversary celebrations, team projects

Front 7

Definition of Safety and examples

Back 7

~Security of body, employment,resources, morality, the family, and property
~Examples- Security – physical, financial, legal / Security – physical, financial, legal

Front 8

Definition of Physiological and examples

Back 8

~Breathing, Food

Front 9

What is TAT?

Back 9

Therapeutic Apperception Test

Front 10

Definition of TAT

Back 10

A test that consists of a series of pictures of people in ambiguous but potential achievement settings. The respondent is instructed to tell a story, which may hint at but does not contain.

Front 11

Describe someone who is high in need for achievement.

Back 11

~Driven to succeed; accomplish something difficult; take risks; assume responsibility; like challenging tasks
1. Determine to overcome obstacles
2. Strive to do something difficult
3. Desire to do something better
4. Prefer tasks with a moderate probability of success
5. Typically more persistent

Front 12

What is a mastery goal?

Back 12

~Are goals that involve absolute or personal standards.
~They involve accomplishment, improvement, or greater understanding of a task.

Front 13

What is a performance goal?

Back 13

~Are goals based on relative standards, which involve a comparison with others.
~ The level of goal achievement depends on surpassing or outperforming others.

Front 14

Describe someone who is high in the need for Power.

Back 14

~Desire to coach, influence, teach, or encourage others; seek status, prestige, and control – either through dominance over others or persuasion
~Positioning oneself in legitimate positions of power (student council, PTA board member, HOA board)
~Entering power-related careers (teacher, business executive, psychologist, journalist, mental health worker)
~Maintaining visibility (put name on mailbox, write to editor)
~Owning “trappings” or symbols of power (expensive sports car, platinum credit card, imported wines or cigars, designer clothes)
~Placing a greater importance on status and wealth

Front 15

Description of someone high in the need for cognition.

Back 15

1.Engage in and enjoy thinking
2.Get bored or frustrated with simple problems or tasks
3. More likely to engage in analytical thinking
4. Enjoy complex problems over simple ones
5. Scrutinizes communications more
6. Can be influenced by the quality of arguments (Cohen et al., 1955)
7. Expended more effort in thinking about messages

Front 16

Description of someone low in the need for cognition.

Back 16

1. Focuses more on peripheral cues (i.e., number of arguments in a message) (Cacioppo et al., 1983)
2. Easily frustrated over complex problems
3. Does not find cognitive tasks to be “fun”
4. Expresses relief upon completion of tasks that require too much mental effort
~Consequently, need for cognition is associated with attitude polarization, whereby favorable attitudes become even more favorable and unfavorable attitudes become even more unfavorable – but only for those LOW in need for cognition!
~In addition, those LOW in need for cognition are more susceptible to boredom