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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience.
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maturation
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a concept of framework that organizes and interprets information
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schema
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interpreting one's new experience in terms of one's existing schemas.
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assimilation
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adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information.
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assimilation
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adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information
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accommodation
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all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
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cognition
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in Piaget's theory, the stage during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities.
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sensorimotor stage
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the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived.
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object permanence
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in Piaget's theory, the stage during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic.
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preoperational stage
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the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects.
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conservation
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In Piaget's theory, the preoperational child's difficulty taking another's point of view.
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egocentrism
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people's ideas about their own and others' mental states- about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts and the behavior these might predict.
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theory of mind
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(age 6-11) the stage of cognitive development during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events.
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concrete operational stage
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(begins at 12) the stage of cognitive development during which people bein to think logically about abstract concepts.
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formal operational stage
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the fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age.
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stranger anxiety
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an emotional tie with another person' shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation.
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attachment
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an optimal period shortly after birth when an organism's exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development.
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critical period
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the process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life.
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imprinting
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a sense of one's identity and personal worth.
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self concept
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parenting style where parents impose rules and expect obedience.
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authoritarian
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parenting style where parents submit to their children's desires, make few demands, and use little punishment.
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permissive
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parenting style where parents are demanding and responsive. They exert control not only by setting rules and enforcing them but also by explaining the reasons and encouraging open discussion and allowing exceptions when making the rules.
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authoritative
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