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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
psychopathology
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difference betw/ abnormal and normal
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totem and taboo
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taboo against incest-wouldn't have taboo if we didn't have the motive/want
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psychodynism
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strong feelings in one direction--move in the opposite direction
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oral psychosexual stage
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dependence (0-1)
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anal psychosexual stage
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emphasis on toilet training (2-3) control
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phallic psychosexual stage
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4-5 yrs nervous about masculinity
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latent psychosexual stage
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(6-12) sexual drive doesn't appear properly if fixated
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genital
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(12+)
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sullivan
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studied birth order, middle child tries to catch up, eldest feels displaced
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viscerlygenic
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physical
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Henry Murray
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need based personality
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alpha presses
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reality based
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beta presses
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psychologically constructed characteristics
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aggression-alpha and beta examples
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alpha--people are actually acting on aggression towards me
beta--people don't like me |
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personality (in terms of presses)
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relationship between needs and presses
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thema
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links needs to presses
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serial thema
unity thema |
common need/press relationships
psych. core of individual---unique set |
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Allport
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trait theory--predisposition to respond in a similar manner to various kinds of stimuli big 5
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according to allport, traits:
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have more than nominal existence, more generalized than habits and are assumed to be causes of behavior. can be studied empirically and independently
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idiograph
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how important is a trait for an individual
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nomothetic
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as a group then compare individual to group
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types of allport traits:
central cardinal secondary |
-building blocks of personality
-powerful focus, everyone doesn't have this (Gandhi-peace) -preferences |
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functional autonomy
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past motives can't be used to explain present behavior "here and now"
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carl rogers
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clinical psychology
self-actualizing tendency (tabula rosa-clean slate) |
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conditions of Rogers's self worth
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mental health achieved through receiving unconditional self regard--self worth independent of environment
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problems in self worth occur when:
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incongruity between self concept and environmental feedback is very large--threat may capsize a person's self worth
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Mischel
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buried trait theory, claiming that traits do not map behavior
others contended that he used a study in which the trait was broad while the behavior was specific (religiousity) |
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social psychology
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no kids, no rats, no crazies
Lewin founder |
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illusory correlation
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2 unusual events occur together--assume causal linkage
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attributional processes
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describe how we make judgements about why people do things
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correspondent inference
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how closely does your inference correspong to what the person did
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why do people have attitudes?
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instrumental-means to an end
value-expresses values ego defensive-hole attitude to protect weakness structural-structuaralize ideas, make sense of the world |
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fishburn's and ajzen's reasons why behavior may not reflect attitudes
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action, target, context, time
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types of attitude change
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compliance-public not private
identification-real change but no depth internalization-reevaluate attitudes |
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Lewin
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social psychology in America
unfreeze-move-refreeze |
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what forms behavior?
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attitudes, beliefs, and norms form intentions. intentions may or may not lead to behavior
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elaboration likelyhood model
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central-internalize info=change
peripheral-don't process or elaborate=no change |
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innoculation effect
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weak arguments given in order to bolster defences against them
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dissonance theory
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if a person acts contrary to their attitudes, they change their attitudes
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Asch
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lines, conform publically not privately
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Sherif
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autokinetic effect-light on wall-person conforms publically and privately
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normative vs informational social influence
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when judgement is unamgiguous people do not look to others for answers
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johnny rocko study
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is one person is counter-opinionated, group debate with them exclusively, may reject the outsider
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minority influence
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must be distinct from the group, cannot change/compromise
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leadership dimensions
levels |
task vs social
1administration 2 interpolation 3 create and change structure |
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push pull of motivation
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drive reduction (seeking to reduce arousal) vs incentive (external reward)
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display rules
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norms that regulate the approprate expression of emotions. They prescribe when, how, and to whom people can show various emotions
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james-lange theory of emotion
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conscious experience of emotion results from one's perception of autonomic arousal
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cannon-bard theory of emotion
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emotion occurs when the thalamus sends signals to the cortexand teh autonomous nervous system
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schachter's two-factor theory
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emotion depends on autonomic arousal and cognitive interpretation of that arousal
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