Psychology From Notes

Front 1

psychopathology

Back 1

difference betw/ abnormal and normal

Front 2

totem and taboo

Back 2

taboo against incest-wouldn't have taboo if we didn't have the motive/want

Front 3

psychodynism

Back 3

strong feelings in one direction--move in the opposite direction

Front 4

oral psychosexual stage

Back 4

dependence (0-1)

Front 5

anal psychosexual stage

Back 5

emphasis on toilet training (2-3) control

Front 6

phallic psychosexual stage

Back 6

4-5 yrs nervous about masculinity

Front 7

latent psychosexual stage

Back 7

(6-12) sexual drive doesn't appear properly if fixated

Front 8

genital

Back 8

(12+)

Front 9

sullivan

Back 9

studied birth order, middle child tries to catch up, eldest feels displaced

Front 10

viscerlygenic

Back 10

physical

Front 11

Henry Murray

Back 11

need based personality

Front 12

alpha presses

Back 12

reality based

Front 13

beta presses

Back 13

psychologically constructed characteristics

Front 14

aggression-alpha and beta examples

Back 14

alpha--people are actually acting on aggression towards me
beta--people don't like me

Front 15

personality (in terms of presses)

Back 15

relationship between needs and presses

Front 16

thema

Back 16

links needs to presses

Front 17

serial thema
unity thema

Back 17

common need/press relationships
psych. core of individual---unique set

Front 18

Allport

Back 18

trait theory--predisposition to respond in a similar manner to various kinds of stimuli big 5

Front 19

according to allport, traits:

Back 19

have more than nominal existence, more generalized than habits and are assumed to be causes of behavior. can be studied empirically and independently

Front 20

idiograph

Back 20

how important is a trait for an individual

Front 21

nomothetic

Back 21

as a group then compare individual to group

Front 22

types of allport traits:
central
cardinal
secondary

Back 22

-building blocks of personality
-powerful focus, everyone doesn't have this (Gandhi-peace)
-preferences

Front 23

functional autonomy

Back 23

past motives can't be used to explain present behavior "here and now"

Front 24

carl rogers

Back 24

clinical psychology
self-actualizing tendency (tabula rosa-clean slate)

Front 25

conditions of Rogers's self worth

Back 25

mental health achieved through receiving unconditional self regard--self worth independent of environment

Front 26

problems in self worth occur when:

Back 26

incongruity between self concept and environmental feedback is very large--threat may capsize a person's self worth

Front 27

Mischel

Back 27

buried trait theory, claiming that traits do not map behavior

others contended that he used a study in which the trait was broad while the behavior was specific (religiousity)

Front 28

social psychology

Back 28

no kids, no rats, no crazies
Lewin founder

Front 29

illusory correlation

Back 29

2 unusual events occur together--assume causal linkage

Front 30

attributional processes

Back 30

describe how we make judgements about why people do things

Front 31

correspondent inference

Back 31

how closely does your inference correspong to what the person did

Front 32

why do people have attitudes?

Back 32

instrumental-means to an end
value-expresses values
ego defensive-hole attitude to protect weakness
structural-structuaralize ideas, make sense of the world

Front 33

fishburn's and ajzen's reasons why behavior may not reflect attitudes

Back 33

action, target, context, time

Front 34

types of attitude change

Back 34

compliance-public not private
identification-real change but no depth
internalization-reevaluate attitudes

Front 35

Lewin

Back 35

social psychology in America
unfreeze-move-refreeze

Front 36

what forms behavior?

Back 36

attitudes, beliefs, and norms form intentions. intentions may or may not lead to behavior

Front 37

elaboration likelyhood model

Back 37

central-internalize info=change
peripheral-don't process or elaborate=no change

Front 38

innoculation effect

Back 38

weak arguments given in order to bolster defences against them

Front 39

dissonance theory

Back 39

if a person acts contrary to their attitudes, they change their attitudes

Front 40

Asch

Back 40

lines, conform publically not privately

Front 41

Sherif

Back 41

autokinetic effect-light on wall-person conforms publically and privately

Front 42

normative vs informational social influence

Back 42

when judgement is unamgiguous people do not look to others for answers

Front 43

johnny rocko study

Back 43

is one person is counter-opinionated, group debate with them exclusively, may reject the outsider

Front 44

minority influence

Back 44

must be distinct from the group, cannot change/compromise

Front 45

leadership dimensions
levels

Back 45

task vs social
1administration 2 interpolation 3 create and change structure

Front 46

push pull of motivation

Back 46

drive reduction (seeking to reduce arousal) vs incentive (external reward)

Front 47

display rules

Back 47

norms that regulate the approprate expression of emotions. They prescribe when, how, and to whom people can show various emotions

Front 48

james-lange theory of emotion

Back 48

conscious experience of emotion results from one's perception of autonomic arousal

Front 49

cannon-bard theory of emotion

Back 49

emotion occurs when the thalamus sends signals to the cortexand teh autonomous nervous system

Front 50

schachter's two-factor theory

Back 50

emotion depends on autonomic arousal and cognitive interpretation of that arousal