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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Transfer |
Effect of previous learning on later performance |
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Negative transfer |
Something that was learned previously interferes with new material |
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Positive Transfer |
Earlier learning helps improve the understanding on new material |
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Feedback |
Knowledge of the results of the learning effect |
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Affects of feedback (2) |
Acts as a reward Prepared to answer questions correctly |
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Massed Practice |
Running together of practice sessions when the material is being learned |
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Distributed practice |
Practice sessions are separated by rest periods |
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When practices most practical (2) |
Motor skills, complex learning |
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Efficient for massed Practice |
Complex learning |
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Usefulness of whole and part learning methods |
Memorization of different terms, formulas, languages |
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Mnemonic device |
Use of memory aids such as catchphrases, jingles, formulas |
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Usefulness of mnemonic devices (2) |
Learning simple facts, organizing information |
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Overlearning |
Material learned to the level of single perfect recitation are forgotten more rapidly |
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Results from overlearning |
Longer rest period the more is forgotten |
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Chunking |
Combining of group information into related units |
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3 reasons why learning may be irregular |
Bad day Learning process feels irregular Inability to measure everything that is taking place |
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3 reasons why a slow learning process occurs |
Discouraged Realize the end is nearing Reached their fair degree of mastery |
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Plateau of learning process |
A period of time when there is little to no apparent progress in learning |
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Plateau of learning process occurs |
Learning a complex skill |
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4 reasons of the appearance of plateau |
Becomes bored Discovers better work method Did not understand earlier material Becomes tense |
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3 types of retention |
Relearning, recall, recognition |
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Relearning |
Learning material that was learned in the past |
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Recall |
Reproducing information once learned |
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Recognition |
Identifying information once learned |
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Four stage memory |
Encoding Rehearsal Storage Retrieval |
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3 stage memory theory |
Sensory registers Short term memory Long term memory |
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Short term memory (2) |
Few seconds to half a minute Holds 7-8 items |
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Long term memory (2) |
Permanent storage Information that is rehearsed yet stored |
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2 reasons why long term memory fails |
Not rehearsed enough Retrieval failure |
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5 themes for forgetting |
Elapse of time Inattention Retroactive inhibition Proactive inhibition Motivated forgetting |
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Elapse of time |
Not practicing for long period of time |
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Inattention |
Not learning the material at the time it was supposed to be learned |
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Retroactive inhibition |
New learning interferes with old |
