Psychology Final

Front 1

Stress

Back 1

nonspecific response to demand made on the body

Front 2

occupational burnout

Back 2

state of overall exhaustion resulting from chronic levels of high stress

Front 3

hassles

Back 3

small daily problems that build up stress

Front 4

frustration

Back 4

stress caused by a blocked goal

Front 5

conflict

Back 5

forced choice between two incompatible options

Front 6

Type A personailty

Back 6

includes: competitive, exaggeration, high ambitions

Front 7

Type B personality

Back 7

includes: calm, patience, relaxed

Front 8

3 Stages of Seye's General Adaptation Syndrome

Back 8

1) Alarm: body mobilizes to defend

2) Resistance Stage: body defends and adapts

3) Exhaustion: Ability to resist collapses

Front 9

Optimum Stress

Back 9

level of stress and pressure where we perform best

Front 10

2 types of coping

Back 10

1) Emotion-focused: distancing and changing perception to avoid the threat

2) Problem-focused: Using problem-solving to decrease the source of stress

Front 11

8 resources for healthy living

Back 11

1) health and exercise

2) control

3) positive beliefs

4) social skills

5) social support

6) material resources

7) relaxation

8) humor

Front 12

attitude

Back 12

tendencies expressed by evaluating people/places/things

Front 13

ABCs of attitude

Back 13

A) affective (feelings)

B) behavior

C) cognitive (knowledge)

Front 14

attribution

Back 14

cause of a behavior; internal (dispositional) or external (situational)

Front 15

fundamental attribution error

Back 15

misjudging behavior as incorrectly internal or external

Front 16

sallency bias

Back 16

not focusing on the situation

Front 17

just-world

Back 17

people get what they deserve

Front 18

cognitive dissonance

Back 18

discomfort from competing attitudes or attitude vs. behavior

Front 19

3 ways to deal with cognitive dissonance

Back 19

1) change beliefs or opinions

2) acquire new beliefs

3) forget or reduce feelings

Front 20

Asen's conformity study

Back 20

-choose line closest to size of X

-false subjects chose blatantly wrong line, 1/3 of true subjects conformed with them

Front 21

3 Reasons for conformity

Back 21

1) normative social influence: need for approval

2) informational social influence: look to others for information

3) reference groups: conform to be like those we admire

Front 22

Milgram's obedience study

Back 22

-"Teachers" order volunteer to shock someone with "known heart condition" begging them to stop

-65% delivered max voltage

Front 23

4 factors affecting obedience

Back 23

1) closeness of authority figure

2) remoteness of victim

3) assignment of responsibility

4) imitation

Front 24

roles

Back 24

behavioral patterns connected with social positions

Front 25

deindividualization

Back 25

anonymity leads to reduced personal responsibility

Front 26

zimbardo's "power of the situation"

Back 26

-Standford prison study; students were assigned as "prisoners" or "guards"

-stopped after 6 days due to serious psychological changes due to roles

Front 27

group think

Back 27

faulty decision making when a group seeks agreement

Front 28

prejudice

Back 28

learned attitude toward a group

Front 29

discrimination

Back 29

negative behaviors toward a group

Front 30

altruism

Back 30

helping others with no obvious benefit

Front 31

Helping due to EGO

Back 31

feeling annoyance or anxiety, which cause you stress, so you help

Front 32

helping due to EMPATHY

Back 32

feeling concern and wanting to reduce the person's stress, so you help

Front 33

2 reasons for not helping

Back 33

1) unclear situation

2) diffusion of responsibilty

Front 34

personality

Back 34

unique pattern of thoughts, feelings, and actions

Front 35

5 ways to explain personality

Back 35

1) biological (those aspects)

2) behavioral (genetics and environment)

3) evolutionary (universals of behavior)

4) social cognitive (socialization effects)

5) psychoanalytical (unconscious motives)

Front 36

5-factor model of personality

Back 36

O: openness (vs. close minded)

C: conscientiousness (responsible vs. not)

E: extroversion (vs. introvert)

A: agreeableness (trusting vs. manipulative)

N: neuroticism (emotionally stable vs. not)

Front 37

3 D's of abnormality

Back 37

1) distress

2) dysfunction

3) deviance

Front 38

Unipolar depression

Back 38

MAJOR DEPRESSION

-at least 2 weeks

-sadness or no interest

-weight change, sleep trouble, slowness, guilt

Front 39

Bipolar Depression

Back 39

-cycles of depression and mania

-inflated ego, racing thoughts, less sleep, goal-oriented

Front 40

Schizophrenia

Back 40

loss of contact with reality; positive (you do ...) and negative (you lack ...) symptons

Front 41

5 factors schizophrenia effects

Back 41

1) perception: hallucinations and delusions

2) language: disorganized or lack of speech

3) thought: absence of normal thoughts/illogical

4) emotion: lack of emotion, neglect of self

5) behavior: wild or slow motor actions

Front 42

5 types of schizophrenia

Back 42

1) paranoid

2) catatonic

3) disorganized

4) undifferentiated

5) residual

Front 43

3 types of therapy

Back 43

1) insight: increase personal understanding to change destructive thoughts or behaviors

2) behavioral: reduce maladaptive behaviors

3) biomedical: using medication to reduce mental illness (anti-anxiety/psychotic/depressant, mood stabilizer)