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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acquisition
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the gradual formation of an association between the conditioned and unconditioned stimulus
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behavior modification
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the use of operant-conditioning techniques to eliminate unwanted behaviors and replace them with desirable ones
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classical conditioning
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a type of learned response that occurs when a neutral object comes to elicit a reflexive response when it is associated with a stimulus that already produces that response
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operant conditioning
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a learning process in which the consequences of an action influence the likelihood that it will be performed in the future
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conditioned response
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a response that has been learned
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conditioned stimulus
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a stimulus that elicits a response only after learning has taken place
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extinction
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a process in which the conditioned response is weakened when the conditioned stimulus is repeated without the unconditional stimulus
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fixed schedule
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a schedule in which reinforcement is consistently provided upon each occurrence
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habituation
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a decrease in behavioral response following repeated exposure to nonthreatening stimuli
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interval schedule
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a schedule in which reinforcement is available after a specific unit of time
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mirror neurons
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neurons that are activated during observation of others performing an action
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negative punishment
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punishment that occurs with the removal of a stimulus and thus decreases the probability of a behavior's reoccurring
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negative reinforcement
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the increase in the probability of a behavior's being repeated through the removal of a stimulus
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partial reinforcement
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a type of learning in which behavior is reinforced intermittently
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positive punishment
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punishment that occurs with the administration of a stimulus and thus decreases the probability of a behavior's recurring
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positive reinforcement
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the increase in the probability of a behavior's being repeated following the administration of a stimulus
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ratio schedule
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a schedule in which reinforcement is based on the number of time the behavior occurs
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shaping
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the part of operant conditioning that involves reinforcing behaviors that are increasingly similar to the desired behavior
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stimulus discrimination
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a differentiation between 2 similar stimuli when only one of them is consistently associated with the unconditioned stimulus
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stimulus generalization
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occurs when stimuli that are similar but not identical to the conditioned stimulus produce the conditioned response
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unconditioned response
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a response that does not have to learned (reflex)
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unconditioned stimulus
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a stimulus that elicits a response without any prior learning
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variable schedule
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a schedule in which reinforcement is applied at different rates or at different times
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