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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What does it mean to have a psychological disorder?
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a person is acting in a deviant way from normal behavior and it is causing distress and dysfunctionality.
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What is the medical model?
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the concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated and in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital.
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What are the anxiety disorder causes?
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-conditioning: when bad events happen unpredictably and uncontrollably
-observational: observing others' fears -natural selection: humans seem biologically prepared to fear threats faced by our ancestors |
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Dysthymic Disorder
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less severe than depression, but chronic
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Somatoform Disorder
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psychological disorder in which symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause HYPOCHONDRIACS
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Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
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PRESENCE OF INAPPROPRIATE BEHAVIORS
->hallucinations, inappropriate laughing, etc. |
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Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
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ABSENCE OF APPROPRIATE BEHAVIORS
-> never moves or speaks |
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Psychodynamic therapy
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views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self insight
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Psychoanalysis
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therapeutic technique involving free association, resistances, dreams and transferences releasing previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self insight
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client centered therapy
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a humanistic therapy developed by Carl Rogers in which the tharapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate clients' growth
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Active Listening
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empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates and clarifies. rogers
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Transference
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in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analysis of emotions linked with other relationships
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Counter-Conditioning
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a behavior therapy using classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors
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Exposure therapy and aversive conditioning
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Meta-analysis
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a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies
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Evidence-based Practice
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clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
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a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients where a brief electrical current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient
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Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS or TMS)
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the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity
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Cognitive Dissonance
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the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent
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Normative and Informal Social Influences
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Normative: influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
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Informal: influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality
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group polarization
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the enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group
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Mere exposure
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the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases linking of them
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Passionate v Companionate Love
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Passionate: beginning of relationship, high arousal
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Companionate: deep care and affection and attachment
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Equity
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a condition which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what the give to it
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Altruism
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Helping another without any selfish regard
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Philosophically, does not exist
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