Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Empiricism |
The view that knowledge originates in expirience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation.
Chapter 1 | Term 1 | Page 3 |
|
|
Structuralism |
An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind.
Chapter 1 | Term 2 | Page 4 |
|
|
Functionalism |
A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function-how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish.
Chapter 1 | Term 3 | Page 5 |
|
|
Experimental Psychology |
The study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method. Chapter 1 | Term 4 | Page 6 |
|
|
Behaviorism |
The view that psychology:
1.Should be an objective science.
2.Studies behavior without refference to mental processes.
Most research psychologists today agree with 1 but not 2. Chapter 1 | Term 5 | Page 6 |
|
|
Humanistic Psychology |
Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth. Chapter 1 | Term 6 | Page 6 |
|
|
Cognitive Neuroscience |
The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language). Chapter 1 | Term 7 | Page 7 |
|
|
Psychology |
The science of behavior and mental processes. Chapter 1 | Term 8 | Page 7 |
|
|
Nature-Nurture Issue |
The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and expirience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction if nature and nurture. Chapter 1 | Term 9 | Page 8 |
|
|
Natural Selection |
The principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations. Chapter 1 | Term 10 | Page 8 |
|
|
Levels Of Analysis |
The different complimentary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon. Chapter 1 | Term 11 | Page 10 |
|
|
Biopsychosocial Approach |
An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis. Chapter 1 | Term 12 | Page 10 |
|
|
Biological Psychology |
A branch of psychology that studies the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and psychological processes. Chapter 1 | Term 13 | Page 10 |
|
|
Evolutionary Psychology |
The study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection. Chapter 1 | Term 14 | Page 10 |
|
|
Psychodynamic Psychology |
A branch of psychology that studies hiw unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders. Chapter 1 | Term 15 | Page 10 |
|
|
Behavioral Psychology |
The scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning. Chapter 1 | Term 16 | Page 10 |
|
|
Cognitive Psychology |
The scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. Chapter 1 | Term 17 | Page 10 |
|
|
Social-Cultural Psychology |
The study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking. Chapter 1 | Term 18 | Page 10 |
|
|
Psychometrics |
The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits. Chapter 1 | Term 19 | Page 12 |
|
|
Basic Research |
Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base. Chapter 1 | Term 20 | Page 13 |
|
|
Developmental Psychology |
The scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span. |
|
|
Developmental Psychology |
The scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span. Chapter 1 | Term 21 | Page 13 |
|
|
Educational Psychology |
The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning. Chapter 1 | Term 22 | Page 13 |
|
|
Personality Psychology |
The study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting. Chapter 1 | Term 23 | Page 13 |
|
|
Social Psychology |
The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. Chapter 1 | Term 24 | Page 13 |
|
|
Applied Research |
Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems. Chapter 1 | Term 25 | Page 13 |
|
|
Industrial-Organizational (I/O) Psychology |
The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces. Chapter 1 | Term 26 | Page 13 |
|
|
Human Factots Psychology |
The study of how people and machines interact and the design of safe and easily used machines and environments. Chapter 1 | Term 27 | Page 13 |
|
|
Counseling Psychology |
A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being. Chapter 1 | Term 28 | Page 13 |
|
|
Clinical Psychology |
A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders. Chapter 1 | Term 29 | Page 13 |
|
|
Psychiatric |
A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy. Chapter 1 | Term 30 | Page 13 |
|
|
SQ3R |
A study method incorporating 5 steps:
1.Survey
2.Question
3.Read
4.Rehearse
5.Review Chapter 1 | Term 31 | Page 14 |
|
|
Hindsight Bias |
The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it. (Also known as the I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon).
Chapter 2 | Term 1 | Page 20 |
|
|
Critical Thinking |
Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions. Chapter 2 | Term 2 | Page 24 |
|
|
Theory |
An explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events. Chapter 2 | Term 3 | Page 25 |
|
|
Hypothesis |
A testable prediction, often implied by a theory. Chapter 2 | Term 4 | Page 25 |
|
|
Operational Definition |
A statement of the procedures (operations) used to define research variables. For example human intelligence maybe be operationally defined as what an intelligence test measures. Chapter 2 | Term 5 | Page 26 |
