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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social psychology
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The branch of psychology that studies the effects of social variables and cognitions on the individual behavior and social interactions
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Social context
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The combination of (a) people
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Situationism
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The view that environmental conditions influence people's behavior as much or more than their personal dispositions do.
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Social role
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One of several socially defined patterns of behavior that are expected of persons in a given setting or group
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Script
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Knowledge about the sequence of events and actions that is expected in a particular setting
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Social norms
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A group's expectations regarding what is appropriate and acceptable for its members' attitudes and behaviors
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Asch effect
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A form of conformity in which a group majority influences individual judgments
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Conformity
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The tendency for people to adopt the behaviors
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Diffusion to responsibility
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Dilution or weakening of each group member's obligation to act when responsibility is perceived to be shared with all group members
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Social reality
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An individual's subjective interpretation of other people and of relationships with them
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Reward theory of attraction
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A social learning view that says we like best those who give us maximum rewards at minimum cost
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Principle of proximity
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The notion that people at work will make more friends among those who are nearby - with whom they have the most contact.
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Similarity principle
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The notion that people are attracted to those who are the most similar to themselves
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Matching hypothesis
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The prediction that most people will find friends and mates that are perceived to be of about their same level of attractiveness
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Expectancy-value theory
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A theory in social psychology that states how people decide whether or not to pursue a relationship by weighing to potential value of the relationship against their expectation of sucess in establishing the relationship
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Cognitive dissonance
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A highly motivating state in which people have conflicting cognitions
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Fundamental attribution error (FAE)
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The tendency to emphasize internal causes and ignore external pressures. The FAE is more common in individualistic cultures than in collectivistic cultures.
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Self-serving bias
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An attributional pattern in which one takes credit for success but denies responsibility for failure
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Prejudice
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A negative attitude toward an individual based solely on his or her membership in a particular group
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Discrimination
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A negative action taken against an individual as a result of his or her group membership
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In-group
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The group with which an individual identifies
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Social distance
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The perceived difference or similarity between oneself and another person
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Out-group
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Those outside the group with which an individual identifies
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Scapegoating
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Blaming an innocent person or a group for one's own troubles
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Romantic love
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A temporary and highly emotional condition based on infatuation and sexual desire
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Triangular theory of love
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A theory that describes various kinds of love in terms of three components: passion (erotic attraction)
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Violence and aggression
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Terms that refer to behavior that is intended to cause harm
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Cohesiveness
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Solidarity
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Mutual interdependence
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A shared sense that individuals or groups need each other in order to achieve common goals
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Terrorism
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The use of violent
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