Psychology Chapter 9

Front 1

Intelligence

Back 1

Overall capacity to think rationally, act purposefully, and adapt to one's surroundings

Front 2

G-factor

Back 2

General ability factor proposed to underlie intelligence; core of general intellectual ability that involves reasoning, problem solving, ability, knowledge, and memory

Front 3

Operational definition

Back 3

Used to measure a concept (intelligence test)

Front 4

Aptitude

Back 4

Capacity for learning certain abilities

Front 5

Special aptitude test

Back 5

Test to predict a person's likelihood of succeeding in a particular area of work or skill

Front 6

Multiple aptitude test

Back 6

Test that measures two or more aptitudes

Front 7

General intelligence test

Back 7

Test that measures a wide variety of mental abilities

Front 8

Psychometric tests

Back 8

Any measurement of a person's mental functions

Front 9

Reliability

Back 9

Ability of a test to yield the same score, or nearly the same score, each time it is given to the same person

Front 10

Validity

Back 10

Ability of a test to measure what it purports to measure

Front 11

Objective test

Back 11

Test that gives the same score when different people correct it

Front 12

Norm

Back 12

Average score for a designated group of people

Front 13

Test standardization

Back 13

Establishing standards for administering a test and interpreting scores- standard procedure used in giving test, individual scores are compared to norms for whom test was designed

Front 14

Mental age

Back 14

Average mental ability displayed by people of a given age

Front 15

Normal curve

Back 15

Bell shaped curve characterized by a large number of scores in a middle area, tapering to very few extremely high and low scores

Front 16

Deviation IQ

Back 16

IQ obtained statically from a persons relative standing in his or her age group

Front 17

Fluid intelligence

Back 17

Ability to solve novel problems involving perceptual speed or rapid insight

Front 18

Crystallized intelligence

Back 18

Ability to solve problems using already acquired knowledge

Front 19

Chronological age

Back 19

Actual age of person

Front 20

Intelligence quotient

Back 20

Index of intelligence defined as a person's mental age divided by his or her chronological age and multiplied by 100

Front 21

IQ

Back 21

Not dependable until age 6

Front 22

Standord-Binet

Back 22

5th edition, widely used individual intelligence test, items are age ranked: fluid reasoning, knowledge, quantitative reasoning, visual spatial processing, working memory

Front 23

WAIS-IV and WISC-IV

Back 23

4th edition, adults and children ; single overall intelligence score, separate score for performance intelligence, separate score for verbal intelligence

Front 24

IQ ranges

Back 24

90-109 is average, 110-119 is bright normal, 120-129 is superior, and above 130 is very superior

Front 25

Gifted children

Back 25

Score above 130 on IQ test or have special talents and abilities ( play Mozart at age 5)

Front 26

Intellectual disability

Back 26

Presence of a developmental disability, formal IQ score below 70, and a significant impairment of adaptive behavior

Front 27

Familial intellectual disability

Back 27

Mild intellectual disability associated with homes that are intellectually, nutritionally, and emotionally impoverished. Accounts for 30%-40% of cases

Front 28

Organic intellectual disability

Back 28

Physical disorder : birth injuries, fetal damage, metabolic disorder, genetic abnormalities

Front 29

Down syndrome

Back 29

Genetic disorder caused by presence of an extra 21st chromosome, results in intellectual disability , most common, occurs in 1/800 babies, genetic but not hereditary

Front 30

Fragile X syndrome

Back 30

Genetic form of intellectual disability caused by a defect in the X Chromosome, second most common, occurs 1/3800, males have long thin faces with big ears and ADHD, gets worse as an adult

Front 31

Twin study

Back 31

Comparison of the characteristics of twins who were raised together or separated at birth, used to identify the relative impact of hereditary and environment: IQ of identical twins is more similar than of fraternal twins

Front 32

Neural intelligence

Back 32

Innate speed and efficiency of a person's brain and nervous system

Front 33

Experiential intelligence

Back 33

Specialized knowledge and skills acquired through learning and experience

Front 34

Reflective intelligence

Back 34

Ability to become aware of one's own thinking habits

Front 35

Multiple intelligence

Back 35

Howard Gardners theory that there are several specialized types of intellectual ability

Front 36

Multiple intelligence areas

Back 36

Language - linguistic abilities, logic and math - numeric abilities, visual spatial and music - pictorial and musical abilities, kinesthetic - physical abilities, intrapersonal - self knowledge, interpersonal - social abilities, and naturalistic- ability to understand natural environment

Front 37

Culture fair test

Back 37

Test designed to minimize the importance of skills and knowledge that may be more common in some cultures than in others

Front 38

Wisdom

Back 38

You can be intelligent without being wise; mixture of convergent thinking , intelligence, reason, and spiced with creativity and originality; approach life with openness and tolerance; intelligence reflects development as well as potential, nurture as well as nature

Front 39

Intelligent nervous system

Back 39

How fast people process information