Psychology Chapter 2

Front 1

A branch of Psychology that links biology and behavior together

Back 1

Biological Psychology

Front 2

Basic building block of nervous system

Back 2

Neuron

Front 3

Brushy ends receive and conduct messages

Back 3

Dendrite

Front 4

Messages pass through this to other neurons

Back 4

Axon

Front 5

Layer of fatty tissue that protects the neurons

Back 5

Myelin Sheath

Front 6

Brief impulse, or electrical charge that travels down the axon

Back 6

Action Potential

Front 7

Junction between axon tip and dendrite

Back 7

Synapse

Front 8

Chemical messengers traveling synaptic gaps between neurons

Back 8

Neurotransmitters

Front 9

Enables learning and memory

Back 9

Acetylcholine

Front 10

Controls pain and pleasure

Back 10

Endorphins

Front 11

Body's communication network

Back 11

Nervous system

Front 12

The brain and spinal cord make up this system

Back 12

Central nervous system

Front 13

Sensory and motor neurons connecting body

Back 13

Peripheral nervous system

Front 14

Neural cables connecting body

Back 14

Nerves

Front 15

Carry information from sense receptors to CNS

Back 15

Sensory neurons

Front 16

Carry outgoing information from CNS to muscles and glands

Back 16

Motor neurons

Front 17

CNS neurons that internally communicate

Back 17

interneurons

Front 18

Controls body's skeletal muscles

Back 18

Somatic nervous system

Front 19

Controls glands and muscles of internal organs

Back 19

Autonomic nervous system

Front 20

Arouses body

Back 20

Sympathetic nervous system

Front 21

Calms body

Back 21

Parasympathetic nervous system

Front 22

response, like a knee-jerk response

Back 22

reflex

Front 23

interconnected neural cells

Back 23

neural network

Front 24

Body's chemical communications system

Back 24

Endocrine system

Front 25

Chemical messengers created by endocrine

Back 25

Hormones

Front 26

Helps to arouse the body in times of stress; you may get a "rush" of this

Back 26

Adrenal Glands

Front 27

Regulates growth anf controls other endocrine glands

Back 27

Pituitary glands

Front 28

Tissue distruction

Back 28

Lesion

Front 29

Measurement of waves of electrical activity in the brain

Back 29

EEG scan

Front 30

While scanning brain, it detects where radioactive forms of glucose are going

Back 30

PET scan

Front 31

Differentiates brain tissue

Back 31

MRI scan

Front 32

Helps detect blood flow in brain

Back 32

fMRI scan

Front 33

Central core of brain

Back 33

Brainstem

Front 34

Controls heartbeat and breathing

Back 34

Medulla

Front 35

Controls arousal

Back 35

Reticular formation

Front 36

Brain's "switchborad"

Back 36

Thalamus

Front 37

Coordinates movement and balance

Back 37

Cerebellum

Front 38

Associated with fear and emotion

Back 38

Limbic system

Front 39

Linked to fear and emotion; there are 2 of these in our brain

Back 39

Amygdala

Front 40

Directs survival activities

Back 40

Hypothalamus

Front 41

Body's control and information-processing center

Back 41

Cerebral Cortex

Front 42

Cells that protect neurons

Back 42

Glial cells

Front 43

Involved with speaking and muscle movements

Back 43

Frontal lobes

Front 44

Receives sensory input for touch and body position

Back 44

Parietal lobes

Front 45

Receieve visual information from opposite visual field

Back 45

occipital lobes

Front 46

Receives auditory information from opposite ear

Back 46

Temporal lobes

Front 47

Controls voluntary movements

Back 47

Motor cortex

Front 48

Processes body touch and movement

Back 48

Sensory cortex

Front 49

Involved with mental functions like learning and thinking

Back 49

Association areas