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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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____ is a form of electromagnetic energy that can be described in terms of wavelengths
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light
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T or F: Humans can detect the vast majority of wavelengths of light that exist
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False
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3 characteristics of wavelengths of light are
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purity, amplitude, and hue
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Just noticeable difference
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the smallest level of added or reduced stimulation required to sense that a change in stimulation has occured
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Weber's law
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a basic law of psychophysics stating that a just noticeable difference is in constant proportion to the intensity of an initial stimulus
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absolute threshold
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the minimum amount of stimulus energy that a person can detect
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parellel processing
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the simultaneous distribution of info across different neural pathways
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the ____ ear channels sound through the eardrum, hammer, anvil and stirrup
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middle
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eardrum
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the part of the ear that vibrates when sound hits it
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T or F: We actively sniff when we are trying to track the source of an object of interest
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True
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____ perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally
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depth
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perceptual constancy
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a phenomenon in which physical objects are perceived as unvarying and consistent despite real changes
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visual _____ occur because stimuli in the environment consistently produce errors in our perception
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illusions
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what structures in the ear line the basilar membrane and transmit neural signals to the brain
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hair cells
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a fluid-filled coil in the inner ear
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cochlea
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3 Gestalt principles of organization
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closure, similarity, and proximity
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sensation
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the initial activation of sense organs
& the process of receiving stimuli energies from the environment |
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perception
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the processing of the info from those organs in the brain
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4 basic qualities of taste according to psychologists
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salty, bitter, sour, sweet
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feature detectors
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neurons in the brain's visual system that respond to particular features of a stimulus
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sound waves are vibrations in the air processed by the _____ system
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auditory
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Tom's balance and movement skills on the gymnastic rings are superb. He obviously has a well developed ________ sense
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vestibular
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These senses provide information about movement, posture, and orientation.
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kinesthetic
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purpose of the outer ear
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collect and channel sounds
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______ is the sensation that warns us of damage to our bodies
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pain
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acute pain can be reduced by these three strategies
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focused breathing, distraction, and counterstimulation
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what is the purpose of pain
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to communicate when the body is being harmed
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The amplitude of a sound wave, measured in _____, is the amount of pressure produced by a sound wave relative to a standard.
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decibels
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____ are receptor cells contained in the retina and are useful in low light conditions
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rods
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function of the cornea
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protects the lens of the eye
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top-down processing
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perception that is guided by higher-level knowledge, experience, expectations, and motivations
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apparent movement
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the perception that a stationary object is moving
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selective attention
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Bette is able to focus on one voice in a crowded restaurant demonstrating this
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selective attention
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focused on a specific aspect of experience while ignoring others
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When something causes a vibration and air molecules begin to move, _____ is created and can be detected by the ear.
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sound
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What attribute of sound allows us to distinguish loud from soft sounds?
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amplitude
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the perceptual interpretation of the frequency of a sound is called
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pitch
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The perceptual quality or tone saturatioin of a sound is called
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timbre
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