Psychology Chapter 14

Front 1

A criterion of abnormality stating that a behavior is abnormal if it occurs infrequently among the members of a population.

Back 1

Statistical Deviance

Front 2

A criterion of abnormality stating that a behavior is abnormal if it violates the rules or accepted standards of society.

Back 2

Cultural Deviance

Front 3

Something causes a person to be unable to do things they once could when they experience this. Example: Previously they could keep a job, but now they can’t hold one down.

Back 3

Maldaptiveness

Front 4

A criterion of abnormality stating that abnormal behaviors are those that lead to personal upset.

Back 4

Emotional Distress

Front 5

A breakdown in normal functioning; abnormal behaviors are those that prevent one from pursuing adaptive strategies

Back 5

Dysfunction

Front 6

A legal term usually defined as the inability to understand that certain actions are wrong, in a legal or moral sense, at the time of a crime.

Back 6

Insanity

Front 7

The view that abnormal behavior is symptomatic of an underlying “disease” that can be “cured” with the appropriate therapy.

Back 7

Medical Model

Front 8

The fact that labels for psychological problems can become self-fulfilling prophecies; the label may make it difficult to recognize normal behavior when it occurs, and it may actually increase the likelihood that a person will act in an abnormal way.

Back 8

Diagnostic Labeling Effects

Front 9

Is used for the diagnosis and classification of psychological disorders. This is composed of five major rating dimensions, or axes.

Back 9

DSM-IV - The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.)

Front 10

A class of disorders marked by excessive apprehension and worry that in turn impairs normal functioning

Back 10

Anxiety Disorders

Front 11

Excessive worrying, or free-floating anxiety that lasts for at least six months and that cannot be attributed to any single identifiable source

Back 11

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Front 12

A condition marked by recurrent discrete episodes or attacks of extremely intense fear or dread.

Back 12

Panic Disorder

Front 13

An anxiety disorder that causes an individual to restrict his or her normal activities; someone suffering from this will avoid public places out of fear that a panic attack will occur.

Back 13

Agoraphobia

Front 14

An anxiety disorder that manifests itself through persistent and uncontrollable thoughts, or by the compelling need to perform repetitive acts.

Back 14

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Front 15

A highly focused fear of a particular object or situation, such as a bug, a snake, flying heights, an animal, a closed place or a storm.

Back 15

Specific phobia disorder

Front 16

Psychological disorders that focus on the physical body.

Back 16

Somatoform disorders

Front 17

A long-lasting preoccupation with the idea that one has developed a serious disease, based on what turns out to be a misinterpretation of normal body reactions.

Back 17

Hypocondriasis

Front 18

A long-lasting preoccupation with body symptoms that have no identifiable physical cause. Those suffering are not afraid of dying of a particular disease, but rather they are looking for someone to sympathize and understand their countless physical problems.

Back 18

Somatization Disorder

Front 19

The presence of real physical problems, such as blindness or paralysis, that seem to have no identifiable physical problems.

Back 19

Conversion disorder

Front 20

A class of disorders characterized by the separation, or dissociation, of conscious awareness from previous thoughts or memories.

Back 20

Dissociative Disorders

Front 21

A psychological disorder characterized by an inability to remember important, personal information.

Back 21

Dissociative Amnesia

Front 22

A loss of personal identity that is often accompanied by a flight from home.

Back 22

Dissociative Fugue

Front 23

A condition in which an individual alternates between what appear to be two or more distinct identities or personalities.

Back 23

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Front 24

Prolonged and disabling disruptions in emotional state.

Back 24

Mood Disorders

Front 25

A type of mood disorder characterized by depressed mood and other symptoms.

Back 25

Major Depressive Episode

Front 26

A type of mood disorder in which the person experiences disordered mood shifts in two directions – from depression to a manic state.

Back 26

Bipolar Disorder

Front 27

A disordered state in which the person becomes hyperactive, talkative, and has a decreased need for sleep; a person in this state may engage in activities that are self-destructive and dangerous.

Back 27

Manic State

Front 28

A class of disorders characterized by fundamental disturbances in thought processes, emotion, or behavior.

Back 28

Schizophrenia

Front 29

Chronic or enduring patterns of behavior that lead to significant impairments in social functioning.

Back 29

Personality Disorders

Front 30

A personality disorder characterized by pervasive distrust of others.

Back 30

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Front 31

A personality disorder characterized by an excessive and persistent need to be taken care of by others.

Back 31

Dependant Personality Disorder

Front 32

A personality disorder characterized by little, if any, respect for laws, customs or norms

Back 32

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Front 33

The idea that psychological disorders are influenced, or caused, by a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors.

Back 33

Bio-psycho-social-perspective

Front 34

A general sense of helplessness that is acquired when people repeatedly fail in their attempts to control their environment.

Back 34

Learned Helplessness