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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Definition of Personality
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An individual’s unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
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Id
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Most primitive part of the personality, is entirely unconscious and present at birth
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Ego
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Partly conscious, the ego represents the organized, rational, and planning dimensions of personality
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Operates on the “reality principle” – the capacity to postpone gratification until the appropriate time or circumstances exist in the external world.
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Superego
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The internal parental voice that is partly conscious.
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Evaluates the acceptability of behavior and thoughts, then praises or admonishes
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Defense Mechanisms
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Occurs when the Ego temporarily reduces anxiety by distorting thoughts or perceptions of reality
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Examples of Ego Defense Mechanisms
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Repression, Sublimation, Rationalization, Projection, Reaction Formation, Denial, Undoing, Regression
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Psychosexual Stages of Development
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Age-related developmental periods in which sexual impulses are focused on different bodily zones and are expressed through activities associated with these areas.
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Freud thought people progress this way.
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Object Relations Theory
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Object is a target of the instincts (sexual and aggressive), which can be another person, a part of a person, or a thing
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Bodily drives satisfy our need through an object.
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Trait Perspective
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Focuses primarily on describing individual differences
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Theorists view the person as being a unique combination of personality characteristics or attributes
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Eysenck’s Theory
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Believed in:
1.Intro-Version Extreversion 2. a)Neuroticism-Emotional b)Stability 3. Psychoticism |
1. Degree to which a person directs his energies outward toward the environment and other people versus inward toward his inner and self-focused experiences
2. a) a person’s predisposition to become emotionally upset b) reflects a person’s predisposition to be emotionally even 3. ability to have empathy is what is measured on this scale |
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Social Cognitive Approach *
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Emphasizes the social origins of thoughts and actions but also stresses active cognitive processes and the human capacity for self-regulation
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Places most of the responsibility for our behavior – and the consequences we experience – squarely on our own shoulde
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Reciprocal Determinism
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Each factor both influences the other factors and is influenced by the other, factors.
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Self-efficacy
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The Degree to which you are subjectively convinced of your own capabilities and effectiveness in meeting the demands of a particular situation
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Humanistic Theory
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Represents an optimistic look at human nature, emphasizing the self and the fulfillment of a person’s unique potential.
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MMPI
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1. Objectively scored by comparing a person’s answers to standardized norms collected on large groups of people.
2. Paper and pencil format; take a direct, structured approach to assessing personality |
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventor (MMPI)
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Projective Tests
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Developed out of psychoanalytic approaches to personality.
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1. Rorschach Inkblot Test
2. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) Uses the defense mechanism --Drawbacks: Testing situation or examiner’s behavior can influence a person’s responses The scoring is highly subjective Often fails to produce consistent results Poor at predicting the future Lack validity and reliability |
