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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State of being unable to move just after falling asleep or right before waking up |
Sleep paralysis |
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Our subjective experience of the world, our bodies, and our mental perspectives |
Consciousness |
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Cyclical changes that occur on a roughly 24-hour basis in many biological processes |
Circadian rhythm |
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term for the area of the hypothalamus that's responsible for controlling our levels of alertness |
Biological Clock |
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Darting of the eyes underneath closed eyelids during sleep |
Rapid eye movement (REM) |
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Stage of sleep during which the brain is most active and during which vivid dreaming most often occurs |
REM sleep |
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Stages 1-4 of the sleep cycle, during which rapid eye movements do not occur and dreaming is less frequent and vivid |
non-REM (NREM) sleep |
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experience of becoming aware that one is dreaming |
lucid dreaming |
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difficulty falling and staying asleep |
insomnia |
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disorder characterized by the rapid and often unexpected onset of sleep |
narcolepsy |
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disorder caused by a blockage of the airway during sleep, resulting in daytime fatigue |
sleep apnea |
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sudden waking episodes characterized by screaming, perspiring, and confusion followed by a return to a deep sleep |
night terrors |
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waking while fully asleep |
sleepwalking |
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theory that dreams reflect inputs from brain activation originating in the pons, which the forebrain then attempts to weave into a story |
activation-synthesis theory |
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theory that dreams are a meaningful product of our cognitive capacities, which shape what we dream about |
neurocognitive theory |
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sense of our consciousness leaving our body |
out-of-body experience (OBE) |
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experience report by people who've nearly died or thought they were going to die |
near-death experience (NDE) |
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feeling of reliving an experience that's new |
déjá vu |
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feelings of unity or oneness with the world, often with strong spiritual overtones |
mystical experience |
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set of techniques that provides people with suggestions for alteration in their perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors |
hypnosis |
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approach to explaining hypnosis based on people's attitudes, beliefs, expectations, and responsiveness to waking suggetions |
sociocognitive theory |
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therapeutic approach that hypnotizes and supposedly age-regresses patients to a previous life to identify the source of a present-day problem |
past-life regression therapy |
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approach to explaining hypnosis based on a separation between personality functions that are normally well integrated |
dissociation theory |
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substance that contains chemicals similar to those found naturally in our brains that alter consciousness by changing chemical processes in neurons |
psychoactive drug |
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reduction in the effect of a drug as a result of repeated use, requiring users to consume greater quantities to achieve the same effect |
tolerance |
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unpleasant effects of reducing or stopping consumption of a drug that users had consumed habitually |
withdrawal |
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dependence on a drug that occurs when people continue to take it to avoid withdrawal symptoms |
physical dependence |
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dependence on a drug that occurs when continued use of the drug that occurs when continued use of the drug is motivated by intense cravings |
psychological dependence |
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drug that exerts a calming effect |
sedative |
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drug that exerts a sleep-inducing effect |
hypnotic |
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drug that increases activity in the central nervous system, including heart rate, respiration, an blood pressure |
stimulant |
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drug that relieves pain and induces sleep |
narcotic |
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causing dramatic alterations of perception, mood, and thought |
hallucinogenic |
