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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Attitude
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Feelings, often based on our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events.
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Prejudice
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An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. Prejudice generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action.
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Social-facilitation
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Stronger responses on simple or well learned tasks in the presence of others
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Cognitive Dissonance Theory
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The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when 2 of our thoughts are inconsistent.
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Discrimination
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Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group or its members.
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Foot-in-the door Phenonmenon
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When someone is asked to do something small at first but then will agree to do something much larger at a later time.
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Attribution Theory
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Suggests how we explain someone's behavior- by creating either the situation or the person's disposition.
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Normative Social Influence
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Influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or disapproval.
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Social Trap
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A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior.
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Bystander Effect
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The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present.
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Mere Exposure Effect
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The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them.
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Scapegoat Theory
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the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.
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Just-World Phenomenon
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The tendency of people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get.
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Self-Disclosure
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Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others.
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Superordinate Goals
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Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation.
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In-group Bias
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The tendency to favor one's own group.
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Group-think
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The model of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.
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Conformity
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Adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
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Conflict
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A perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas.
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Passionate love
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An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship.
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Social Psychology
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The scientific study of how we think about, influences, and relate to one another.
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Social Loafing
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The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts towards attaining a common goal then when individually accountable.
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Frustration-Aggression Principle
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The principle that frustration- the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal- creates anger, which can generate aggression.
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Equity
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A condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it.
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Fundamental Attribution Error
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The tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situations and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition.
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In-group
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"Us"- people with whom one shares a common identity.
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Out-group
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"Them"- those perceive as different or apart from one's in-group.
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Group Polarization
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The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group.
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De-individuation
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The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in the group situations that foster arousal and anonymity.
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Companionate Love
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The deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined.
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Social- Responsibility Norm
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An expectation that people will help those dependent upon them.
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Aggression
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Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.
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Stereotype
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A generalized belief about a group of people.
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Altruism
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Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.
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Reciprocity Norm
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An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them.
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GRIT
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Graduated Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension Reduction
-Created to help reduce international tension. |
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Social Exchange Theory
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The theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs.
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