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34 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Acculturation (Berry)
A person's level of acculturation depends on how much they adopt their own culture.
Adler's

INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY
- Behavior is purposeful
BEHAVIORAL FAMILY THERAPY
1) Increase pleasurable interaction
2) Decrease aversive interaction
3) Effective problem-solving & communication
4) Contingency contract to resolve problems
Black Racial Identity Development Model
4 Stages:
Pre-encounter, Encounter, Immersion/emersion, Internalization/commitment
COMMUNICATION/INTERACTION FAMILY THERAPY
Double-bind communication (say one thing, but imply the opposite, do vs. don't).

Symmetrical communication (btwn equals, one-upmanship)

Complementary communication (btween dominiant & subordinate)
Cultural Encapsulation
Tendency of counselors to interpret everyone's reality through their own cultural assumptions and stereotypes.
Diagnostic overshadowing
Orignally: MHPs attributing all behavioral, social, & mental problems to MR in individuals with this disorder.

Applies to other disorders.

NOT the result of one's theoretical orientation.
Eysenck
British Psychologist.

Apparent benefit of therapy is actually due to spontaneous recovery
FEMINIST THERAPY
"The personal is political"

Empowerment & social change

Acknowledges & minimizes power-divide.
Efficacy vs. Effectiveness

(evaluating the effects of psychotherapy)
Efficacy studies (clinical trials)

Effectiveness trials (correlational/quasi-exprimental)
Emic vs. Etic
emic-culture specific (inside the culture)

etic-culture general (general principles applied)
EXTENDED FAMILY SYSTEMS
(Bowen)
-Differentiation of self
-Undifferentiated family ego mass
-emotional triangles
-multigenerational transmission process
-Genogram
EXISTENTIAL THERAPY
Human conditions:
-depersonalization
-loneliness
-isolation
-we are in a constant state of "becoming"
Formative & Summative evaluations
formative-periodically conducted

summative-assess the product
FREUDIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS
When ego cannot ward off anxiety, it goes to DEFENSE MECHANISM (unconscious denial/distortion of reality)

-free associations
-dreams
-interpretation
-working through
GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY
Whole only understood through its components & organization

open or closed

underlying premise of Family Therapy
GESTALT THERAPY
"The whole is greater than the sum of its parts"

-awareness
-here & now
Health Belief Model
1) Person's readiness
2) Evaluation of cost & benefits
3) "Cues to action"/triggers of response
High vs Low Context Communication
Culture-specific

High-shared cultural understanding, non-verbal cues (Americans)

Low-rely primarily on verbal exchange
Homosexual Identity Development Model
4 Stages:

1) Sensitization
2) Identity confusion
3) Identity assumption
4) Identity commitment
Howard et al.
Effects of psychotherapy happens in stages:

1) Remoralization
2) Remediation
3) Rehabilitation

Measurable improvement at 26 sesssions, but not much after that.
Hypnosis
Memories retrieved this way may have therapeutic relevance (repressed)
INTERPERSONAL THERAPY
Focuses on:
Grief
Interpersonal role disputes
Role transitions
Interpersonal deficits
JUNG'S
ANALYTICAL PSYCHOTHERAPY
-Behavior determined by conscious, unconscious, & collective conscious.
-Transference, interpretation, & dreamwork.
-Believes personality development continues throughout life.
MAHLER'S
OBJECT RELATIONS THEORY
"Objects" on personality development = influence of early relationships.

Mahler-stresses abnormal events that occur during separation-individuation process.
Mental Health Consultation
-Caplan
-Of medical/psychiatric model

4 Types:
-client-centered case
-consultee-centered
-program-centered
-consultee-centered administrative
MILAN
SYSTEMIC FAMILY THERAPY
-overly fixed & rigid patterns
-uses hypothesizing, circularity, & neutrality
-Techniques=circular questions & paradoxical techniques
Motivational Interviewing
-Developed for clients ambivalent about change

-Uses transtheoretical model with client-centered therapy & self-efficacy.
Transtheoretical model
Stages of change
MULTISYSTEMS APPROACH
-extended family, nonblood kin, church, community resources
-African-American families respond best to this (Boyd-Franklin)
OBJECT-RELATIONS FAMILY THERAPY
-Intrapsychic & inerpersonal causes of maladaptive bx

-Techinques=Interpreting transferences, resistances, fostering insight
Parallel Process
In supervision, the supervisee pretends he is the client and acts this way toward the supervisor.
PERSON-CENTERED THERAPY
Maladaptive bx="Incongruence between self & experience"

People can self-actualize & grow

3 facilitative conditions:
-empathy
-genuiness
-unconditional positive regard
Personal distress in therapists
1) Suicidal clients=most stressful client

2) Lack of therapeutic success=most stressful event

3)Confidentiality issues=most ethical/legal dilemma.