Psychology

Front 1

memory

Back 1

the ability to store and use information; also the store of what has been learned and remembered

Front 2

three-stage model of memory

Back 2

classification of memories based on duration as sensory, short-term, and long-term

Front 3

sensory memory

Back 3

the part of memory that holds information in its original sensory form for a very brief period of time, usually about half a second or less

Front 4

short-term memory

Back 4

the part of memory that temporarily (for 2 to 30 seconds) stores a limited amount of info before it is either transferred to long-term storage or forgotten

Front 5

long-term memory

Back 5

the part of memory that has the capacity to store a vast amount of info for as little as 30 seconds and as long as a lifetime

Front 6

working memory

Back 6

the part of memory required to attend to and solve a problem at hand; often used interchangeably with short-term memory

Front 7

chunking

Back 7

the process of breaking down a list of items to be remembered into a smaller set of meaningful units

Front 8

rehearsal

Back 8

the process of repeatedly practicing material so that it enters long-term memory

Front 9

implicit memory

Back 9

kind of memory made up of knowledge based on previous experience, such as skills that we perform automatically once we have mastered them; resides outside conscious awareness

Front 10

procedural memory

Back 10

knowledge we hold for almost any behavior or physical skill we learn

Front 11

priming

Back 11

a king of implicit memory that occurs when recall is improved by prior exposure to the same or similar stimuli

Front 12

explicit memory

Back 12

knowledge that consists of the conscious recall of facts and events; also know as declarative memory

Front 13

semantic memory

Back 13

form of memory that recalls facts and general knowledge such as what we learn in school

Front 14

episodic memory

Back 14

form of memory that recalls the experiences we have had

Front 15

encoding

Back 15

the process by which the brain attends to take in, and integrates new information; the first stage of long-term memory info

Front 16

levels of processing

Back 16

the concept that the more deeply people encode information, the better they will recall it

Front 17

mnemonic device

Back 17

a method devised to help remember info, such as a rhyme or acronym

Front 18

consolidation

Back 18

the process of establishing, stabilizing, or solidifying a memory; the second stage of long-term memory formation

Front 19

storage

Back 19

the retention of memory over time,; the third stage of long-term memory formation

Front 20

retrieval

Back 20

the recovery of information stored in memory; the 4th stage of long-term memory

Front 21

forgetting

Back 21

the weakening or loss of memories over time

Front 22

interference

Back 22

disruption of memory because other info competes with the info we are trying to recall

Front 23

retroactive interference

Back 23

disruption of memory because new experiences or info causes people to forget previously learned experiences or info

Front 24

proactive interference

Back 24

disruption of memory because previously learned information interferes with the learning of new information

Front 25

absent-mindedness

Back 25

a form of forgetfulness that results from inattention

Front 26

blocking

Back 26

the inability to retrieve some information once it is stored

Front 27

repression

Back 27

the unconscious act of keeping threatening thoughts, feelings or impulses out of consciousness

Front 28

suggestibility

Back 28

problem with memory that occurs when memories are implanted in our minds based on leading questions, comments, or suggestions by someone else or some other source