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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Descartes
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(1596-1650):
-Descartes first recognized brain as “machine” with separate parts. |
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Neuroscience
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Multidisciplinary investigation of the nature, function, and origins of the nervous system.
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Neurocorrelates of behavior
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a method of study that searches for specific mechanism for specific behaviors
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Clinical techniques
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Link physical brain abnormality with behavior
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Broca’s Area
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damage of Broca’s area results in impaired speech generation
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Wernicke’s Area
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Damage to Wernicke’s area results in impaired comprehension.
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Invasive techniques
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-lesion studies-brain tissue is destroyed or removed and the effects on behavior are observed
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MRI
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MRI: anatomy
fMRI: function |
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TMS
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a non-invasive technique which “turns-off” a brain mechanism for a short time
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CT
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series of x-rays, each displaying an image of a thin slice
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PET
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neurons tagged with some sugar are detected when stimulated
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Cortical structure
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“thin layer of gray matter, consisting of densely packed neurons arranged in columns create electrical and magnetic field
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Phrenology
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Examining bumps that determine ability and behavior
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CNS
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Brain and spinal cord-->arousal
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PNS
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All other nerves. Efferent nerves: carrying signals from CNS, and afferent nerves: to the CNS
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somatic division
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Part of PNS. Efferent : control skeletal muscles. Afferent: carry info from sense organs to the CNS
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Autonomic nervous system
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Efferent nerves: regulate various body organs. Afferent: bring CNS info about these various internal systems.
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hindbrain
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Top of spinal cord, controls key life function
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Midbrain
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Top of hindbrain, coordinating movements and relaying info from the senses
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Forebrain
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Largest part of human brain, complex thought and language
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Medulla
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Bottom of hindbrain, controls breathing and blood circulation and maintaining balance
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cerebellum
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Largest part of hindbrain. Coordinates movement and balance.
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Cortex
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Thin covering outside of brain; to fit into small places, seen as crinkled structure.
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Frontal Lobes
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Behind forehead. speaking, muscle movement, planning, judgment
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parietal lobe
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at the top rear of brain
receives sensory input for touch and body position |
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Central fissure
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Divides frontal lobes
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Lateral fissure
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Bottom edge of fonrtal lobes
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Temporal love
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Below lateral fissure
sides of your head, just above the ears. involved in hearing |
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occipital lobe
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back of the head
involved in vision |
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thalamus
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relay station for all sensory information going to the cortex. except smell.
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