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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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classical conditioning
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type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response originally evoked by another stimulus
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response
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a behavior, or unit of behavior occurring in reply to stimulation.
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eliciting stimulus
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environmental event which regularly precedes and causes a response.
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conditioned stimulus
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an environmental event that normally does not elicit a response, but which, after frequent pairing with an unconditioned (eliciting) stimulus, aquires the ability to elicit a response.
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conditioned response
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a response which occurs in reaction to a conditioned stimulus
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acquisition
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a period of time in which learning occurs
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extinction
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a reduction in responding which occurs as a result of experiencing the conditioned stimulus in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus.
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discrimination
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responses to one stimulus are not made to another stimulus.
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generalization
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learned response to one stimulus is also made to a similar, but different stimulus
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Operant conditioning
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a type of learning in which responses come to be controlled by their consequences
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respondant
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behavior that occurs in response to a stimulus
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operant
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behavior that is "emitted" by the organism
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reinforcer
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any event following a behavior that increases the probability of that behavior occurring again. Comes in two types.
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positive reinforcer
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a pleasant or desirable consequence which is in the form of the addition of a positive stimulus
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negative reinforcer
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a pleasant or desirable consequence in the form of the removal of an aversive stimulus
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punishment
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an aversive consequence in the form of adding an unpleasant stimulus.
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extinction
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an aversive consequence in the form of the removal of a positive stimulus
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shaping
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reinforcement of successive approximations to the goal behavior.
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fixed interval
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ex:// parking meter
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variable interval
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ex://fishing
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fixed ratio
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ex:// a buy one get one free ticket
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variable ratio
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ex:// a slot machine
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social learning
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learning by observation
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modeling
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demonstration of behaviors by another
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self-efficacy
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beliefs about whether one can successfully execute the behavior required to produce the outcomes
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