Psychology 248 Test 2

Front 1

Rote Repetition

Back 1

Saying the object to be remembered over and over.

Front 2

Elaboration Rehearsal

Back 2

Think about the meaning of the word to be remembered instead of the word itself. Associate the meaning and thus remember better. (Shows better retention than rote repetition)

Front 3

Method of Loci

Back 3

Associate the object to be remembered with a specific location.

Front 4

mnemonics

Back 4

Make up a saying that associates each word with a concept to be remembered.

Front 5

Levels of processing

Back 5

Structural processing (uppercase/lowercase), acoustic (does it rhyme with sock?) processing, semantic processing.

Front 6

Transfer-Appropriate processing

Back 6

Theory of state-based memory that states that recall will be better if the process used to encode the memory is the same as the process used to retrieve it. I.e. if you remember "beer" because it rhymes with "fear", it will be easier to remember when someone asks you if the word you remembered rhymes with "tear" then just asking "what does the word you remember mean?"

Front 7

Time of day vs memory

Back 7

Young = Better at night. Old = Better in morning.

Front 8

Effect of sleep on memory

Back 8

sleeping allows for longer retention of memory.

Front 9

Survival Processing

Back 9

It's easier to remember something related to survival.

Front 10

Face recognition

Back 10

Worse in cross-race recognition, also inverted recognition. Otherwise quite good and get better the older the face is.

Front 11

Total time rule

Back 11

Memory is much more than just "time on task"

Front 12

Massing vs Spacing

Back 12

Massing > Spacing when the test follows immediately.
Spacing > Massing when test is delayed.

Front 13

Reminding Theory

Back 13

The further spaced p1 and p2 are, the less chance of reminding occuring. However, the more spaced p1 and p2 are, the greater effect reminding has when it occurs.

Front 14

Lag-recency Effect

Back 14

Having made a successful recall, the next recall is most likely an object close in serial position on the list to the last object recalled.

Front 15

Exponential Forgetting

Back 15

Forgetting is proportional with time. Equation is
R(t) = N(o)e^(kt) where k is the constant, t is time, and N(o) is initial learning

Front 16

Power rule forgetting

Back 16

Forgetting decreased proportionally with time. Equation
is R(t)=N(1)e^-k

Front 17

Hazard Function

Back 17

Graphing the probability that you will forget something given an amount of time.

Front 18

Jost's Law

Back 18

If two associations are of equal strength but diff. age, the older one diminishes less with time due to consolidation.

Front 19

Consolidation

Back 19

Process by which information is transferred from STM into LTM.

Front 20

Ribots Law

Back 20

Retrograde amnesia is temporally graded due to consolidation.

Front 21

Implicit memory

Back 21

Memory that helps with performance on a task without conscious awareness of the knowledge used.

Front 22

Retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF)

Back 22

Phenomena where remembering information causes loss of other information.

Front 23

effect of testing on proactive interference

Back 23

Being tested on a list protects that list from proactive interference

Front 24

Effect of Item-method directed forgetting on recall

Back 24

Reduces rate of both recall and recognition.

Front 25

Effect of List-method directed forgetting on recall

Back 25

Reduces rate of recall but not recognition.