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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sensorimotor stage
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birth – 2 years
learn through concrete actions coordinate sensory information with bodily movements object permanence – understanding that an object continues to exist even when you cannot see it or touch it; occurs by age 1 for most babies beginning of mental imagery and symbolic thinking |
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jean piaget
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swiss biologist
observed children and noticed predictable patterns of cognitive developm |
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preoperational stage
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ages 2-3 years
use of language and symbols accelerates make-believe play still lack abstract principles and mental operations egocentric – see the world only from their point of view |
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concreate operations stage
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ages 7-12 years
able to take perspective of others understand concept of conservation – physical properties of objects remain the same even when their physical form of appearance changes |
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formal operations stage
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ages 12 – adulthood
abstract reasoning understand that ideas can be compared and classified just as objects can able to reason about situations they have not experienced first-hand |
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current views of cognitive development
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cognitive abilites develop in continuous overlapping waves rather than discrete steps
preschoolers are not as egocentric as piaget thought children understand more and some adults less than piaget assumed cognitive development is associated with growing speed and efficiency of information processing cognitive development depends on education and culture |
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erik erikson
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german psychologist
neo-freudian psychosocial stages of personality develop |
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Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Personality Develop
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eight stages
each stage characteriszed by a crisis that ideally will be resolved before moving onto the next stage unlike frued's theory, erikson's stages go throughout the lifespan |
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erikson - trust vs mistrust
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birth – 1 year
baby dependent on others for survival needs must be met if baby is to develop sense that the world is a safe and that others are trustworthy |
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erikson - autonomy vs shame/doubt
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around ages 1-3
child must develop a sense of independence |
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erikson - initiative vs guilt
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around ages 3-5
child acquiring new phsyical and mental skills, setting goals, and developing new talents child must also learn to control impulses must avoid developing a strong sense of guilt over newfound wishes and fantasies |
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erikson - competancy vs inferiority
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about ages 6-12
learning to make things, use tools, and acquire the skills for adult life child discovers areas of strengths and weakness |
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erikson - identity vs role confusion
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adolescnce
who am I? What am i going to do with my life? Identity crisis |
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erikson - intimacy vs isolation
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young adulthood
after developing a sense of who you are, the next task is to share yourself with someone else learn to commit yourself to someone else |
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erikson - generativity vs stagnation
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middle adulthood
seek creativity and productivity contribute to society parenthood |
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erikson - ego integrity vs despair
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late adulthood
look back on life and consider accomplishments seek wisdom, spiritual tranquility, acceptance of life |
