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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is visual neglect?
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A complex attention disorder characterized by a tendency to ignore things that appear on one side of the body. Usually the left side.
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What is attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
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A psychological condition marked by difficulties in a concentrating and sustainging
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What is circadian rythms?
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Biological activities that rise and fall in a 24-hour cycle
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What are biological clocks?
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Brain structures that schedule rhythmic variations in bodily functions by triggering them at the appropriate times
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What are alpha waves?
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The pattern of brain activity observed in someone who is in a relaxed state, with his or her eyes closed
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What is theta waves?
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The pattern of brain activity observed in stage 1 sleep
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What are delta waves?
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The pattern of brain activity observed in stage 3 and stage 4 sleep; it's characterized by synchronized slow waves (also called slow-wave patterns)
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What is REM?
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A stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements and low-amplitude, irregular EEG patterns similar to those found in the waking brain; REM is typically associated with dreaming
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REM rebound?
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The tendency to increase the proportio of sleeping time in REM sleep after a period of REM deprivation
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neurotransmitter acetylcholine(ACh) increases in the brain during REM sleep
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ACH is needed to consolidate the storage of experience, explains why REM activity is important in the cibsolidation process
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Manifest conent
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According to Freud, the objects and events experienced in a dream
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Laten content
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According to Freud, the true psycholocial meaning of objects and events in dreams which are said to represent hidden wishes and desires that are too disturbing to be confronted directly
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Activation-synthesis hypothesis
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The idea that dreams represent the brain's attempt to make sense out of random patterns of neural activity generated during sleep
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Psychoactive drugs
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Drugs that affect behavior and mental processes, and produce aleterations of conscious awareness
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Tolerance
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An adaptation that the body makes to compensate for the continued use of a drug such that increasing amounts of the drug are needed to produce the same physical, psychological, and behavioural effects
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Insomnia
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A chronic condition marked by difficulties in initiating or maintaining sleep, lasting for a period of a least one month
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Hypersomnia
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A chronic condition marked by excessive sleepiness
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Nightmares
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Frightening dreams that occur primarily during the REM stage of sleep
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Night terrors
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A condition in which the sleeper, usually a child, awakens suddenly in an extreme state of panic
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Sleepwalking
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A condition in which the sleeper rises during sleep and wanders about; not thought to be associated with dreaming
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Psychoactive drugs
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Drugs that affect behaviour and mental processes, and produce alterations of conscious awareness
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Withdrawal
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Clear and measurable physical reactions, such as sweating, vomiting, tremors, or changes in heart rate, that occur when a person stops taking certain drugs after continued use
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Depressants
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A class of drugs that slow or depress the ongoing activity of the central nervous system
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Stimulants
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A class of drugs that increase central nervous system activity, enhancing neural transmission
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Opiates
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A class of drugs that reduce anxiety, lower sensitivity to pain, and elevate mood; opiates often act to depress nervous system activity
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Hallucinogens
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A class of drugs that tent to disrupt normal mental and emotional functioning and produce distorted perceptions
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Hypnosis
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A social interaction between a person perceived to be a hypnotist and a person who perceives himself or herself to be a hypnotic subject; the interaction produces a heightened state of suggestibility in the subject
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Cataepsy
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A hypnotically induced behaviour characterized by an ability to hold one or more limbs of the body in a rigid position for long periods without tiring
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Hypnotic hypermnesia
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The supposed enhancement of memory that is said to occur under hypnosis; little evidence supports the existence of this effect
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Hypnotic dissociation
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a hypothesized, hypnotically induced splitting of consciousness during which two streams of awarenes are said to coexist: one that is fully under the sway of the hypnotist's suggestions and one that remains more aloof and objective
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meditation
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a technique for self-induced manipulation of awareness, often used for relaxation and self-reflection
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attention
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the internal processes people use to set and follow priorities for mental functioning
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dichotic listening
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a technique in which two different auditory messages are presented simutaneously, one to each ear; usually the subject's taskis to shadow, or repeat aloud, one message while ignoring the other
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Cocktail party effect
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The ability to focus on one auitory message, such as a friend's voice at a noisy party, and largely ignore others, yet notice when your own name is spoken among the auditory stimuli that you have been ignoring
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Visual neglect
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A complex attention disorder characterized by a tendency to ignore things that appear on one side of the body. Usually left.
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