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58 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

A person's awareness of external events and internal sensagtion under the condition of arousal

Consciousness

What parts of the brain involved in awareness

Prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate

What can produce altered states of consciousness

High or lower level consciousness

When we are sleeping which level of consciousness are we in

Subconscious awareness

Daily behavior or physiological cycle that involves the sleep and wake cycle, body temperature, and blood pressure and blood sugar level

Circadian rhythm

The inability to get to sleep, stay asleep, or getting good quality sleep

Insomnia

In what's sleep stage does sleepwalk occurs

Stage 4 non-REM sleep

Bad dreams courage during REM sleep

nightmare

A disorder in which the person experience extreme fear and screams or runs around during deep sleep without waking fully

Night terrors

What kind of sleep seizure

Narcolepsy

Disorder in which that person stops breathing for half a minutes or more during sleep

Sleep apnea

Physical symptoms that can include nausea, pain, tremors, crankiness and high blood pressure, resulting from a lack of a drug in the brain system

(Drug) withdrawal

A systematic relatively permanent change in behavior and mental process that occurs through experiences or practice

Learning

The behavior perpective defines learning as the acquisition of new behavior through _____________.

Conditioning

What type of learning is taste aversion

Classical conditioning - learning association

People learn that association between two stimuli through ________ whereas people learn the association between a behavior and a consequence through _________.

Through law of effect and expection

The process by which about rewarding stimulus following a particular behavior increases the possibility that the behavior will happen again

Reinforcement

Any event or stimulus that when following a behavior decreases the likelihood that the behavior occur again weakens the behavior

Punishment

What is one common aspect of all forms of negative reinforcement

Taking away to increase behavior

Primary reinforces

Food, liquid touch and sexual

Secondary reinforces

Money and gold star

Speaking as a form of ________ punishment time out is a form of ________ punishment

Positive and negative

stages for effective punishment

Positive: reinforcement, punishment


Negative: reinforcement, punishment


Reinforcement: positive or negative


Punishment: negative or positive

What learning theory does applied behavior analysis rely on

Related concepts - behavior modification

Observation learning example

Man who abused his wife grew up watching his father abused his mother


Good pants grew up watching how their parents behave as good parents


Children's who imitates their teachers


Teenagers copying pop-culture stars

Four elements of observational learning

attention, retention, motor reproduction, reinforcement

Main focus and learning based on the cognitive perspective

Inner material activities


role of material process in learning

3 key process of memory

Encoding, storage and retrieval

What kinds of activities are used for encoding

The process by which information gets into memory storage

Deep processing example

What activity of encoding is linked with neural activity expecially in their brains left frontal lobe

Elaboration - breaking down information

How long does information last in sensory memory

2 - 4 seconds

What type of memory does a piano tuner use when he tunes a piano

Sensory memory

Iconic sensory memory example

What the f***- double talk


You were driving down the street looking at the person and cars on either side of your vehicle all of a sudden you thought what was that man not wearing any pants and you looked back to check you noticed a person wearing no pants because his image was lingering in your iconic sensory memory

Duration of iconic and echoic sensory memory

Iconic memory 1/4 second


Echoic memory 2 - 4 seconds

Selective attention example

Many communication around here and you can only focus on one

The capacity short term memory

5 to 9 bits of information

by repeating information over and over in one's head we can maintain it in short term memory longer

Rehearsal

How do memory stand very rhyming with population tested and with materials used

Why is very rich population in preferences and history

Working memory example

We are using our working memory when we are performing computation such as solving the arithmetic problem 64 times 6 in your head


Repeating a list of terms that has just been read in reverse order


Simultaneous oral language translation

if all of the information on that hard drive of your computer is like long term memory then _________ memories is comparable to what you exactly have open and active on the computer at any given moment

Working memory

Implicit and explicit memories are also called _______ and ________ memories

Implicit - non declarative memory


Explicit - declarative memory

Memories for information about the world including general knowledge of what you learn at school everyday knowing about the meaning of words famous people important places and common things

Semantic memory

Retention of information about the where when and what of life happens that is how individual remembers life episodes

Episodic memory

According to the semantic network theory and is long term memory organized

Everything linked together and connected

Overview of memory and the brain

Everything is organized into categories and neuro transmitter

What type of memory will be affected by injury to cerebellum

Implicit memory

Why does the serial position effects occur

Epicurious memory and long term encoding and drop off lest working memory

Retrieval cue examples

An aha moment someone gives you a hint

--- a memory task in which the information to be retrieved must be pulled from memory with few or no external cues--- matching new informations to what is already in long term memory

Recall and recognition

what kind of assessment methods ( multiple choice test, short answer test, essay test, etc) requires recall process

Essay test

why can we vividly remember the twin Towers collapsing

Flashbulb memory

Loss of information occurs due to difficulty in transferring the information for short term memory to long term memoryWe forget the most info within an hour rates of forgotten slows after


Curve of forgetting

Encoding failure example

Example - Lincoln penny - oh I know the answer but I don't

Proactive interference example

When you are changed back to your car you keep reaching down to the wheel of the gear shifter

Inability to recall events that occurred before the onset of the amnesiaNot memories from the past


Retrograde amnesia

What type of memory did H.M. have difficulty with after removing part of his hippocampus and temporal lobes

Anterograde amnesia

Brain cells dies and communication disrupted and plack builds around nerve cells

Overall of alzheimer's disease