Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
A smart consumer of psychological treatments
|
1. Be skeptical of Internet and TV drug promos
2. Make an informed decision when you choos a therapist 3. Choose a therapy most likely to help you 4. Try self help groups 5. Choose self help books that are based on science |
|
|
What can you do to avoid risks associated with poor therapists
|
Educate self about therapies and use critical thinking skills
|
|
|
The scientist-practitioner gap
|
A widening breach between the psychological researchers and practicing therapists. Due to professional schools not being connected to academic psychology departments
|
|
|
Client-centered therapy
|
A humanist approach devised by Carl Rogers, which emphasizes the therapist's empathy with the client and the use Of conditional positive regard
|
|
|
How do Ellis' rational emotive behavior therapy and Beck's cognitive therapy attempt to treat mental disorders
|
Ellis- challenges clients irrational thoughts with logical and rational arguments
Beck- trys to change irrational and unproductive ways of thinking to reduce negative emotions |
|
|
Contingency management
|
Managing the consequences to change behavior- examining and changing the relationship between the antecedent, behavior, and cosequence
|
|
|
How does skills training help improve mental disorders
|
In behavior therapy: an effort to teach the client skills the lack and create new constructive behavior to replace the defeating ones
|
|
|
Systematic desensitization
|
Behavior therapy: a step by step process of breaking down conditioned responses associated with a feared object or situation
- a stimulus for an unwanted response is paired with another stimulus that elicits a response incompatible with the undesired one - clients learn to relax deeply while looking at a sequence of feared stimuli arranged from least to most terrifying |
|
|
Exposure therapy
|
-graduated exposure: person suffering from an anxiety disorder is gradually introduced into a fearful situation until anxiety subsides
-flooding: exposes the client directly to the feared stimuli until anxiety decreases |
|
|
How do Psycho therapies try to cure mental disorders
|
Focus on resolving internal conflicts and attempt to bring subconscious thought into conscious awareness through:
-free association, word association, transference, dream interpretation |
|
|
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
|
Shock therapy used on prolonged cases of severe major depression. Used for high risk suicide patients as a last resort when other therapies have failed
|
|
|
Six cautions about drug treatments
|
1. Placebo effect
2. High relapse and drop out rate 3. Disregard for effective non medice treatment 4. Dosage problems 5. Unknown risks over time 6. Untested offlabel uses |
|
|
Most common biological treatment
|
Medicines that alter the production and the response to neurotransmitters in the brain
|
|
|
What is Anorexia
What is Bulimia |
Anorexia- the fear of gaining weight and refusal to maintain a healthy weight- misconceived perception of body image
Bulimia- binge eating and then purging through laxatives, vomiting, or excessive exercise |
|
|
What is a word Salad
|
Disorganozes anne incoherent speech. Words linked by remote associations
|
|
|
Difference between hallucinations and delusions
|
Hallucination- hearing seeing smelling something that is non existent
Delusions- extremely false beliefs - persecution: being followed -control: others control your actions -reference: believing in uncorrelated events |
|
|
Types of Schizophrenia
|
Paranoid- hallucinations and delusions
Disorganized- disrupted speech and emotions Catatonic- engaging in strange physical movements (echoing everyone or holding positions for a long time) Undifferentiated- severe problems exist but do not fit into the other categories |
|
|
Disociative identity disorder and it's controversy
|
Disorder marked by the appearance of two or more personalities within one person each with their own name
Controversy: only a few cases before 1970 and 10,000 after 1980 |
|
|
Substance abuse
|
A maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress
|
|
|
Borderline personality disorder
|
Pervasive pattern of unstable relations and a fragile self image. Intense fear of abandonment and rejection. Often self mutilate
|
|
|
Bipolar disorder
What is a manic state |
A serious mood disorder characterized by cyclical periods of mania followed by deep depression
Manic state- a state of elated euphoria (short time span) |
|
|
What is major depression
|
One of the most common disorders: feeling of worhlessness and diminished interests. Must last 2 weeks before diagnosed
|
|
|
Obsessive compulsive disorder
|
Intrusive distressful thoughts and repetitive behaviors intended to supreas them
Obsession- persistent bothersome thought Compulsion- behaviors functioning to alleviate obsession |
|
|
What is a phobia
|
Irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation that poses no actual danger
|
|
|
Post traumatic stress disorder
|
Chronic anxiety and intrusive memories which occur at least 1 month after a traumatic event
Symptoms: increased arousal Avoidance of small stimuli related to trauma Re-experiencing trauma |
|
|
Generalized anxiety disorder
|
Uncontrollable and continuous worry about everyday situations
- must occur for a majority of days over a 6 month period but not induced by disease drugs or coffee |
|
|
DSM
|
Pirpose is to classify psychological disorders
Advantages: - diagnosis are made with valid tests -differentiates disorders with similar symptoms Disadvantages: - over diagnosing - confusion of serious mental problems with normal ones - illusion of objectivity and universiallity |
|
|
What is a mental disorder
|
Any behavior or emotional state that causes individuals great suffering, is self destructive, seriously impairs the persons ability to work or get along with others or endangers the community
|
