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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Compensation
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An attempt to overcome some inability or inferiority. Feelings of satisfaction achieved through successful actions, which make up for inadequacies
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Adaptive Ex: Ugly man buys expensive clothes
Maladaptive Ex: drinking alcohol to relieve feelings of low self-esteem |
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Reaction Formation
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Overcompensation. Conscious attitudes repressed and replaced with the extreme opposite. Opposite desires displayed to conceal socially unacceptable desire.
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Adaptive: alcholic speaks at meetings on dangers of alcohol.
Maladaptive: mother w/ hostile feelings toward child is so overprotective that disallows proper child devlpmt. |
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Five Functions of Defense Mechanisms
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-Reduces anxiety/fear
-resolves mental conflict -protects one's self-esteem -protects one's sense of security -can allow person to reduce personal involvement in undesirable situation |
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Conversion
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Individual converts mental problem into phsyical symptom
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Adaptive: Student unable to take exam due to headache
Maladaptive: man develops paralysis after discovering wife has CA |
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Denial
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Used to evade unpleasant realities of life by refusing to acknowledge their existence.
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Adaptive: man says "i don't believe you" after Dr. tells him wife died
Maladaptive: one learns has terminal cancer, plans family reunion next year anyway |
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Displacement
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Unconscious transference of emotion from original object to more acceptable one/environmental objects
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Examples: slamming a door when upset, throwing items when upset, yelling at one person when truly upset with someone else.
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Suppression
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The CONSCIOUS forcing of unpleasant axious experiences into the unconscious. Client avoids unpleasant subjects.
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Adaptive: compartmentalizing subjects for later analyzation
Maladaptive: "I'd rather not deal with it" when it comes to something like a CA diagnosis. |
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Repression
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"Grandfather of defense mechanisms" First UNconsciously used in early life/childhood. Though info not admitted to conscious awareness, not forgotten either. Can become core of pathological behavior.
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Adaptive: not remembering reason for fight/argument
Maladaptive: can't remember circumstance of accident where saw someone killed |
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Identification
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unconscious process of patterning one's mannerisms after someone else. usually happens in childhood: child patterning self after a parent.
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Adaptive: 8-yr old dressing up like teacher and playing 'school" in bedroom
Maladaptive: boy may pattern himself after gang member & create social disturbances |
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Introjection
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carrying "identification" one step further: another's value system is incorporated into personality
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Adaptive: small child taking on parents' moral view
Maladaptive: woman preferring simple life takes on husbands desires for materialism |
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Intellectualization
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overuse of intellectual concepts to avoid affective experience/expression of feeling
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Adaptive: man lost farm in storm, but analytically leads his family to safety
Maladaptive: sibling of pt spends visiting time discussing tx with drs |
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Isolation
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feeling of detachment from event in one's memory, enabling event to be recalled without anxiety
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Example: woman recalls her own rape with flat affect and voice carrying no emotion.
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Symbolization
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person attaches significance to inanimate objects, shapes, colors, slogans, words, etc. There is often a symbolic relationship b/t pt symptoms & psychoneurotic patient
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Ex: patient experiences headache when thinking/discussing mother. headache is excrutiating when mother comes to visit
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Fantasy
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gratifying frustrated desires in imaginary achievements. Daydreaming.
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Adaptive: visualizing one is in calm environment when choas ensues
Maladaptive: when one constantly fantasizes instead of having actual experiences. |
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Projection
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one attributes his own thoughts/feelings/actions to external environment. "to throw off" onto something else in the environment
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Adaptive: husband forgets to pay bill, blames wife for not giving him the bill earlier
Maladaptive: shifting blame for wrongdoing, paranoid pts will commonly blame others for actions |
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Rationalization
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Conscious or unconscious, making up unwise or invalid reasons to do something
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Ex: a woman buys a dress she can't afford saying that she will save money in the long run bc it will last longer
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Sublimation
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unused energy being directed into a different situation that is more socially accepted.
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Ex: channeling sexual energy into creative arts, sumblimating hostile impulses into a competition
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Substitution
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the acceptance of something else in the place of a desired object
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Ex: a rejected suitor accepts the affection of a different object of love, a woman marries a man similar to her father
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Undoing
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unconscious, symbolic attempt to eradicate existence of a painful/anxious event/memory
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Adaptive: throwing salt over shoulder to prevent bad luck
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