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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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axon
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extension of a neuron. Passage to deliver messages
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Myelin sheath
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insulate the axons. covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses
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action potential
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electrical charge that travels down the axon
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synapse
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junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite of the receiving neuron.
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neurotransmitters
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chemical messengers that traverse the synaptic gaps between neuron.
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Acetylcholine (Ach)
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enables muscle, action, memory, learning.
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Acetylcholine Malfunction
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Alzheimer's (Ach) producing neurons deteriorate.
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Endorphins
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natural neural transmitter linked to pain control and pleasure
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Dopamine
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Influences movement, learning, attention, emotion
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Dopamine Malfunctions
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excess-schizophrenia
starved-tremors and Parkinson's disease |
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Serotonin
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Mood, hunger, sleep, arousal
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Serotonin Malfunctions
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starved-Depression
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Norepinephrine
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alertness and arousal
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Norepinephrine Malfunction
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starved-depress mood
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GABA
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inhibitory neurotransmitter
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GABA Malfunctions
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starved-seizures,tremors, insomnia
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Glutamate
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excitatory neurotransmitter involved in memory
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Glutamate Malfunctions
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excess-overstimulate brain producing migraines or seizures
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Agonist
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chemical that binds to a receptor and mimics the action of a naturally occurring substance.
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Antagonist
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blocks the action of the receptor, but does not stimulate
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central nervous system (CNS)
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brain and spinal cord
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Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
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the sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
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sensory neurons
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send info from the body's tissues and sensory organs inwards to the CNS
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Motor neurons
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neurons that carry out going info from CNS to muscles and glands
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interneurons
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nerve cell found in CNS that acts like a link between sensory neurons and motor neurons
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