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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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IQ test
mean? standard deviation? criteria for mental retardation? criteria for severe mental retardation? |
mean - 100
SD - 15 MR: <70 severe MR: <40 profound MR: <20 |
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repeated stimulus leads to less decreased response
process? opposite? |
habituation
sensitization |
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a natural response is elicited by a conditioned or learned stimulus that was previously presented in conjunction with an unconditioned stimulus
process? |
classical conditioning (Pavlov's dogs)
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learning in which a particular action is elicited because it produces a reward
types? |
operant conditioning
positive reinforcement - desired reward produces action (mouse presses button to get food) negative reinforcement - removal of aversive stimulus extinguishes unwanting behavior extinction - discontinuation of reinforcement eliminates behavior |
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reinforcement schedules
two types? which goes extinct faster? |
continuous and variable
continuous is rapidly extinguished (i.e. vending machine vs. slot machine) |
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pt projects feelings about formative or other important persons onto physician (e.g. psychiatrist = parent)
process? |
transference
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physician projects feeling about formative or other important persons onto patient
process? |
countertransference
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central goal of Freudian psychoanalysis?
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make the patient aware of what is hidden in his/her unconscious
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components of Freuds theory of the mind
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Id - primal urge (drives)
Ego - mediator b/w primal urges and accepted behavior in reality Superego - moral values, conscience (can lead to self-blame and attacks on ego) |
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2 types of social learning
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1. Shaping - behavior achieved following reward of closer and closer approximations of desired behavior
2. Modeling - behavior acquired by watching others and assimilating actions into one's own repertoire |
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unconscious mental processes the ego uses to resolve conflict and prevent feelings of anxiety and depression
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ego defenses
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immature (primitive) ego defenses
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1. acting out
2. dissociation 3. denial 4. displacement 5. fixation 6. identification 7. isolation of affect 8. projection 9. rationalization 10. reaction formation 11. regression 12. repression 13. splitting |
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unacceptable feelings and thoughts are expressed through actions (i.e. tantrums)
which ego defense? |
acting out
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temporary, drastic change in personality, memory, consciousness, or motor behavior to avoid emotional stress
can result in what? ego defense? |
dissociation
can become multiple personality disorder (aka dissociative identify disorder) |
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avoidance of awareness of some painful reality
common in which pts? ego defense? |
denial
- common reaction in newly diagnosed AIDS and CANCER pts |
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mother places blame on child because she is angry at her husband
type of ego defense? |
displacement
- process whereby avoided ideas and feelings are transferred to some neutral person or object (vs. projection) |
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men obsessed with sports games
type of ego defense? |
fixation
- partially remaining at a more childish level of development (vs. regression) |
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abused child sees himself as an abuser
type of ego defense? |
identification
- modeling behavior after another person who is more powerful (though no necessarily admired) |
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describing murder in graphic detail with no emotional response
type of ego defense? |
isolation of affect
- separation of feelings from ideas and events |
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a man who wants another woman thinks his wife is cheating on him
type of ego defense? |
projection
- an unacceptable internal impulse is attributed to an external source |
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After getting fired, claiming that job was not important anyway
type of ego defense? |
Rationalization
- Proclaiming logical reasons for actions acutally performed for other reasons to avoid self-blame |
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A pt with libidinous thoughts enters a monastery
type of ego defense? |
Reaction formation
- Process wehereby a warded-off idea or feeling is repalced by an (unconsciously derived ) emphasis on its opposite |
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Seen in children under stress (e.g. betwetting) and in pts on dialysis (e.g. crying)
type of ego defense? |
Regression
- turning back the maturational clock and going back to earlier modes of dealing with the world |
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Not remembering a conflictual or traumatic experience; pressing bad
thoughts into the unconscious type of ego defense? |
Repression
- involuntary withholding an idea or feeling from conscious awareness |
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a pt says that all nurses are cold and insensitive but that the doctors are warm and friendly
seen in which disorder? type of ego defense? |
Splitting
- belief that people are either all good or all bad at different times due to intolerance of ambiguity - seen in borderline personality disorder |
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mature ego defenses (4)
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1. Altruism
2. Humor 3. Sublimation 4. Suppression |
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Mafia boss makes large donation to charity
type of ego defense? |
Altruism
- Guilty feelings alleviated by unsolicited generosity toward others |
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Nervous medical student jokes about the boards
type of ego defense? |
Humor
- appreciating the amusing nature of an anxiety-provoking or adverse situation |
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Actress uses experience of abuse to enhance her acting
type of ego defense? |
Sublimation
- Process whereby one replaces an unacceptable wish with a course of action that is similar to the wish but does not conflict with one's value system |
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Choosing not to think about the massive To-Do list until after the exam
type of ego defense? |
Suppresion
- VOLUNTARY withholding of an idea or feeling from conscious awareness (vs. repression) |
