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69 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Classes of psychological tests
1. Objective: multiple choice, scored by a computer
2. Subjective: no right answers, scored by the giver
Stanford-Binet test
Objective, IQ test for adults
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children test
Objective, IQ test for children (4-17)
Rorschach test
Subjective, pts describe what they see in an inkblot
Thematic Apperception Test
Subjective, pts describe what is going on in a cartoon drawing of people
Beck Depression Inventory
Objective, screens for depression
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
Objective, measures personality type
Halstead-Reitan Battery test
Used to determine the location and effects of specific brain lesions
Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery test
Assess a wide range of cognitive functions and tells you the patient's cerebral dominance (left or right)
Diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa
1. Body weight is 15% below normal
2. Pt has distorted body image
3. Amenorrhea
Cause of death in anorexia nervosa
Electrolyte imbalance, cardiac arrhythmias, infection
Treatment of anorexia nervosa
1. Hospitalization to monitor weight and correct electrolyte imbalance
2. Psychotherapy
Hyperactive with short attention span; figety and cannot pay attention or wait for turn
ADHD
Age at which symptoms of ADHD must be present for diagnosis
Before age 7
Treatment of ADHD
Psychostimulants (methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine)
SE of Rx treatment of ADHD
SE of methylphenidate & dextroamphetamine:
*growth suppression*
insomnia, abdominal pain, decreased appetite, tics
Three year old child with impaired social interaction and communication, and restricted activities and interest
Autism
Cause of Autism
Idiopathic, but potential cause is congenital rubella
DDx for Autism
1. Schizophrenia (look for age and + s/s)
2. Deafness (look for parental love)
3. ADHD (look for language and communication skills)
Female adolescent with binge eating followed by purging; normal body weight
Bulimia nervosa
Physical findings of Bulimia nervosa
1. tooth enamel erosion
2. scars on dorsal hand surfaces
3. enlarged parotid glands
Treatment for bulimia nervosa
Psychotherapy and SSRI
17 y.o. boy with hx of aggressiveness, criminal record, and cruelty to animals
Conduct d/o
Conduct d/o vs Antisocial PD
Conduct = age < 18
Antisocial = age > 18

Conduct d/o is required for making a dx of antisocial PD in adults.
3 year old child with frequent bed-wetting; no other medical problems.
Normal child
Bed-wetting is not a disorder in a child 3 or less.
Encopresis
Involuntary passage of feces in a child after age 4
First line treatment for encopresis/enuresis
Behavioral therapy (using bell-and-pad aparatus)
Second line treatment for encopresis/enuresis
Imipramine (TCA)
Impairement in math, reading, writing, speech, language, or coordination, but everything else is normal and normal IQ
Learning d/o
Diagnostic criteria for mental retardation
1. onset < age 18
2. IQ < 70, with defects in functioning
Most common cause of mental retardation
Fetal alcohol syndrome = #1 preventable cause

Down syndrome = #1 overall cause

(Fragile X is another common cause in males)
Severity of MR and IQ ranges
Mild: IQ 55-70 (most cases)
Moderate: IQ 35-55
Severe: IQ 20-34
Profound: IQ <20
Negative, hostile, and defiant behChild fears that something will happen to them or their parents if they separate.avior toward authority figures, but normal behavior toward peers; no criminal record.
Opositional-defiant d/o
Child fears that something will happen to them or their parents if they separate; exhibits multiple somatic complaints during times of separation.
Separation anxiety disorder
Male with motor tic that are exacerbated by stress and remit during activity or sleep, may have coprolalia.
Tourette's d/o
Percentage of pts with tourette's that have coprolalia
10-30%
Treatment for tourette's d/o
Antipsychotics (haloperidol)
Presentation of depression in children
Irritable instead of depressed mood
Top three causes of adolescent deaths
1. accidents
2. homicide
3. suicide
Together, they total 75% of teenage detahs
Amphetamine intoxication
Psychotic symptoms
Pupillary dilation
Paranoia
Arrhythmia
Benzodiazepine/barbituate intoxication
Sedation and drowsiness
Reduced anxiety and disinhibition
Overdose is fatal - respiratory depression
Treatment of acute benzodiazepine intoxication
Flumazenil
Benzodiazepine/barbituate withdrawal
Seizure
Cardiovascular collapse
(both fatal)
Maintenance thereapy for benzodiazepine withdrawal
Long-acting benzodiazepine
Commonality between benzodiazepeine, barbituate, and alcohol
All are CND depressants - caution with interactions
Cocaine intoxication
Sympathetic stimulation
Pulillary dilation
Paranoia
Arrhythmias
Formications ("cocaine bugs" - pts think that bugs are crawling on them)
Cause of death due to cocaine intoxication
Arrhythmia, MI, seizure, stroke
Sleepy, hungry, depression
*Depression can lead to suicide!*
Cocaine withdrawal
Teratogenic eEuphoria, dizziness, slurred speech, a feeling of floating, ataxia, and/or sense of heightened sense of power; usually seen in young teenagers (11-15)ffect of cocaine
Vascular disruption in fetus
Euphoria, dizziness, slurred speech, a feeling of floating, ataxia, and/or sense of heightened sense of power; usually seen in young teenagers (11-15)
Inhalant intoxication
Cause of death in inhalant intoxication
Respiratory depression, cardiac arrhythmias, asphyxiation
Hallucinations and flashbacks
pupillary dilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, perception/mood disturbances
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) intoxication
Hallucinations in LSD vs schizophrenia
LSD: visual hallucinations

Schizophrenia: auditory hallucinations
Cause of death in LSD intoxication
Not from drug itself, but usually from suicide (pts think that they can fly and proceed to jump off of a building).
"Amotivational syndrome"
injected sclera
eating binge
Marijuana intoxication
Pupillary constriction ("pinpoint pupils")
constipation, CNS depression
Opioid (heroin) intoxication
Cause of death in opioid intoxication
Repiratory depression
Acute treatment of opioid intoxication
Naloxone (IV); Naltrexone (oral)
Comorbidities associated with opioid use
Associated with injections as the route of delivery (endocardities, HIV, cellulitis, talc damage)
Fever, nausea, stomach cramps, diarrhea, gooseflesh
Opiod withdrawal
Violent behavior, aggitation, vertical and/or horizontal nystagmus
Phencyclidine (PCP) intoxication
Cause of death in PCP intoxication
Convulsions, coma, respiratory arrest
Treatment of PCP intoxicaiton
Supportive care
Urine acidification to hasten elimination
Headaches, irritability, fatigue
Caffeine withdrawal
Disinhibition, emotional lability, slurred speech, ataxia, hypoglycemia
Alcohol intoxication
Tremor, seizure, delerium tremens
Alcohol withdrawal
Cause of death in alcohol withdrawal
Seizures
Acute and chronic treatment of opioid withdrawal
Acute: Clonidine

Chronic: Methadone
Enuresis
Bedwetting in a child after age 5