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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
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Delusions
Hallucinations Disorganized speech and behavior Poor Attention |
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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia
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Flat affect
Alogia (no speech) Avolition (apathy) Anhedonia (loss of interest) |
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Good prognostic factors for schizophrenia
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Good premorbid functioning
Late onset Obvious precipitating factors Married/good support system Family history of mood d/o Positive symptoms |
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Time period for psychotic disorders
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< 1 month = brief/acute psychotic d/o
1-6 months = schizophreniform > 6 months = schizophrenia |
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Age of onset for schizophrenia
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men: 15-25 years
women 25-35 years |
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Risk of suicide in schizophrenia
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10%
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Risk of suicide for men and women in general
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Women have more attempts at suicide, but men have more success due to more aggressive attempts.
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Treatment of schizophrenia
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antipsychotic medications with psychotherapy
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Prevalence of schizophrenia in the world
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1%
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Season in which most schizophrenic pts are born (in the U.S.)
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winter (not know why)
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Risk of schizophrenia for the following:
parent of schizo child sibling child of 1 schizo parent child of 2 schizo parents MZ twins, DZ twins |
parent: 6%
sibling: 10% 1 parent: 16% 2 parents: 46% MZ twins: 46% DZ twins: 14% |
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Result of brain imaging in schizophrenia
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dilated lateral and 3rd ventricles
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Neurotransmitter involved in schizophrenia
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dopamine (hyperactivity)
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Major risk factors for suicide
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#1 risk = prior suicide attempts
age > 45 (greatest risk > 65) alcohol/substance abuse hx of rage or violence depression recent loss or separation single/widowed/divorced |
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Does asking a patient about suicide make it more likely for them to comitt suicide?
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NO
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Pt develops amnesia and travels to a different place, assuming a new identity
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Dissociative fugue/psyhogenic fugue
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D/o most associated with childhood sexual abuse
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Dissociative identity disorder (aka multiple personality d/o)
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Pt worries about everything at the same time. Symptoms are not as dramatic as in panic disorder, but pts are just severe worriers.
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Generalized anxiety d/o
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Are homosexuality and homosexual experimentation normal?
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Yes, at any age.
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Daytime sleepiness, decr REM latency (go into REM as soon as they fall asleep), cataplexy
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Narcolepsy
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Treatment of narcolepsy
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modafinil (non-amphetamine stimulant)
or, amphetamines |
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First line treatment of generalized anxiety d/o
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Buspirone (atypical antidepressant)
or SSRI (both are nonaddictive, nonsedating) |
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Second line treatment of generalized anxiety d/o
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Benzodiazepine (addictive, sedating)
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Pts have recurrent thoughts or impulses and recurrent behaviors that cause marked dysfunction
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Obsessive-compulsive d/o
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Age of onset of OCD
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late adolescence or early adulthood
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Treatment of OCD
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Clomipramine (TCA) or Fluvoxamine (SSRI)
with cognitive-behavioral therapy |
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Pt presents with fear of dying, chest pain, palpitations, tachypnea, diaphoresis
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Panic d/o
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S/S in Panic d/o vs Social phobia
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S/S of panic attacks occur "out of the blue" while s/s of social phobia occur due to a trigger (social setting)
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Fear of social settings due to the risk of a panic attack
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Agoraphobia
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Treatment of Panic d/o
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acute: benzodiazepine (alprazolam)
chronic: SSRI |
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Recurrent nightmares and flashbacks of a traumatic event and depression
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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
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Drug treatment of PTSD
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SSRI
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Repitition compulsion
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Repetitive behavior by a patient to reduce the axiety associated with PTSD. This is NOT OCD.
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Treatment of specific phobias
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Behavioral therapy (desensitization)
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Treatment of social phobia
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Beta blocker
SSRI |
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Complaints involving symptoms of multiple organ systems with negative test results
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Somatization d/o
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Sudden loss of voluntary motor or sensory function following a stressor
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Conversion d/o
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La belle indifference
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"the beautiful indifference"
associated with conversion d/o pt is not worried about their deficit |
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Preoccupation with fear of having a specific disease despite medical reassurance
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Hypochondriasis
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Preoccupation with imagined physical defects
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Body dysmorphic d/o
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Difference between somatoform, facticious, and malingering d/o
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Somatoform: s/s are not intentional
Facticious: s/s are intentional, but no secondary gain Malingering: s/s are intentional for purpose of secondary gain |