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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sensory (afferent) neurons
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bring information from the sensory organs to the spinal cord and brain
i.e. hand on a stove |
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motor (efferent) neurons
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transmit the information from the spinal cord and teh brain to the periphery
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interneurons
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facilitate within the brain and perform the in integration and organization functions
work together to establish equilibrium |
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resting membrane potential
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electric difference between inside and outside of neuron
in a resting state, the electrical charge inside the neuron is slightly more negative than the outsde |
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depolarization
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changes from negative to positive
causes action potential neuronsn start firing change in sodium permeambility |
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hyperpolarization
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neuron less likely to fire
sodium channels less likely to allow sodium into neuron |
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acetylcholinen
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causes muscle contraction
links motor neurons and muscles regulates attention and sleep important for memory shortage: Alzheimers' dementia excess: muscle spasms |
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monoamines
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single amino acids
involved in affect, arousal, and motivation |
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amino acids
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general inhibitor and excitatory transmitters in the brain
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epinephrine and norepanephrine
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increased arousal
excess: mania lack: depression |
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serotonin
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mood
decreased levels: deprsesion |
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Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor
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agonists of serotonin
inhibits the breakdown in serotonin more available in terminal |
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ssri
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agonist of serotonin
blocks the serotonin and makes it less problematic in terms of a side effect |
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dopanine
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influence motivation, reward, movement, pleasure
shortage: parkinson's disease and depression cognitive excess: schitzophrenia involved in muscular activity project widely throughout the areas of the brain |
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basal ganglia
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region of the brain attacked during parkinson's disease
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CCK
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cerebral cortex: thinking part of the brain
learning, memory, pain |
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endorphins
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natural pain relievers
bind to the same sites as heroin morphine |
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substance P
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involves in pain perception
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endorphins
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emotion centers of the brain
shortage: chronic pain or difficulty with self soothing natural highs |
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GABA
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primary inhibitory neurotransmitter
inhibits sending neurons shortage: anxiety, epilepsy, excess: unmotivated |
