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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
personality
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a distinctive set of consistent traits
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Big 5 Model
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1. Extraversion
2. Agreeableness 3. Conscientiousness 4. Neuroticism 5. Openness to experience |
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Strengths and weaknesses of self-report inventories
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○ Strengths
§ Quick § Inexpensive § Easy to administer § Objective scoring ○ Weaknesses § Response biases |
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Barnum effect
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vague, overarching statements that can apply to almost anyone
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projective tests
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involve ambiguous stimuli such as inkblots or pictures, assumes that you can judge personality based on responses
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strengths and weaknesses of projective tests
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○ Weaknesses
§ Difficult to score § Low validity § Response biases ○ Strengths § Facilitate self-reflection § Obtain subjective information |
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biological factors of personality
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genetic/hereditary influences
-40-50% -epigenetic factors |
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behavioral factors of personality
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§ Personality traits = responsive tendencies which are learned through
□ Operant conditioning ® Consequences, reinforcement, and punishment □ Observational learning ® Imitation of role models |
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Social-cognitve factors of personality
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Personality emerges from interaction of social experiences and cognitive processes
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ABC model (SC model)
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activating event -> belief -> consequence
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patterns of beliefs
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patterns of emotional and behavioral tendencies
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cognitive patterns
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§ Self efficacy
§ Locus of control § Optimism and pessimism |
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Humanism - rogers
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person-centered theory
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self-concept
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a collection of beliefs about one's own nature, unique qualities, and typical behavior
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incongruence
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is the degree of disparity between one's self-concept and one's actual experience
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Maslow
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§ Self-actualization theory
§ Hierarchy of needs □ Must satisfy lower needs before we can experience personal growth □ Self actualization is the highest level |
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Psychodynamic - Freud
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§ Unconscious
§ Early childhood experiences |