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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Reversible Causes of Dementia/ Cognitive Deficits
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Reversible Causes of Dementia/ Cognitive Deficits:-
- Mass lesions of the brain (hematoma, tumor) - Normal Pressure Hyrocephalus - Collagen Vascular Diseases - Hypothyroid - wilson's Disease - Neurosyphilis (3? Syphilis affecting brain & spinal cord) - Vitamin deficiency (B12, folate) |
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Cholinergic Deficits in VaD and AD
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Cholinergic Deficits in VaD and AD
- ↓ acetylcholine synthesis - ↓ acetylcholine levels in cerebrospinal fluids - CAUTION! DO NOT give (or give with caution) anticholinergic medications, e.g. benadryl/diphenhydramine, cogentin/benzotropine etc to elderly patients |
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The Diagnosis Process for AD
(on living person) |
Diagnosis Process of AD
- Med Hx - PE, labs - PersonaI interview with pt & caregiver - MMSE _ functional status assessment, eg. Physical Self Maintenance Scale PSMS - Brain scans Based on progression of sx over time, a dx is made and care & planning & tx begins |
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Reversible Causes of Dementia/ Cognitive Deficits
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Reversible Causes of Dementia/ Cognitive Deficits:-
- Mass lesions of the brain (hematoma, tumor) - Normal Pressure Hyrocephalus - Collagen Vascular Diseases - Hypothyroid - wilson's Disease - Neurosyphilis (3? Syphilis affecting brain & spinal cord) - Vitamin deficiency (B12, folate) |
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Cholinergic Deficits in VaD and AD
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Cholinergic Deficits in VaD and AD
- ↓ acetylcholine synthesis - ↓ acetylcholine levels in cerebrospinal fluids - CAUTION! DO NOT give (or give with caution) anticholinergic medications, e.g. benadryl/diphenhydramine, cogentin/benzotropine etc to elderly patients |
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The Diagnosis Process for AD
(on living person) |
Diagnosis Process of AD
- Med Hx - PE, labs - PersonaI interview with pt & caregiver - MMSE - functional status assessment, eg. Physical Self Maintenance Scale PSMS - Brain scans Based on progression of sx over time, a dx is made and care & planning & tx begins |
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Transmitter systems in AD
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Transmitter Systems in AD
- 2 neurotransmitter systems have been well characterized for their importance in learning & memory, & as potential targets for AD treatment intervention: |
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Acetylcholine:
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Acetylcholine:
- loss of cholinergic neurons in AD - theory: increase available acetylcholine to improve or maintain cognitive fn - rationale for use of acetylcholinerase inhibitors (AChEIs) |
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Role of Glutamate in AD
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Role of Glutamate in AD:
- the normal activity of the neurotransmitter glutamate plays an integral role in the neural pathways associated with learning and memory - in AD, abnormal glutamatergic activity can cause neuronal toxicity & impair learning |
