Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Approach-Approach Conflict
|
A situation of indecision and vacillation when an individual is confronted with two equally attractive alternatives
|
|
|
Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict
|
A situation of indecision and vacillation when the individual is confronted with two equally unattractive alternatives
|
|
|
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
|
A situation of indecision and vacillation when the individual is confronted with a single object or event which has both attractive and unattractive qualities
|
|
|
Multiple Approach-Avoidance
|
A conflict that results when a person mush choose between two or more events that have both attractive and unattractive features
|
|
|
Hardiness
|
A psychological characteristics that can reduce the impact of stressors; it consists of commitment, belief in a sense of control, and viewing change as a challenge
|
|
|
Defense Mechanisms
|
Psychodynamic term used to describe primarily unconscious methods of reducing anxiety or guilt that results from conflicts among the id, ego, and superego
|
|
|
Repression
|
The defense mechanism whereby our thoughts are pulled out of our consciousness and into our unconscious
|
|
|
Regression
|
Returning to forms of behavior that are indicative of an earlier level of development such as childhood (usually in response to to an overwhelming stressor)
|
|
|
Denial
|
Refusing to achnowledge an undesirable experience, memory, or internal need that is anxiety-arousing and behaving as if it did not exist
|
|
|
Reaction Formation
|
Defending against unacceptable feelings and behavior by exhibiting the opposite of one's true wishes or impulses
|
|
|
Projection
|
Attributing to others unwanted feelings, thoughts, or behaviors
|
|
|
Rationalization
|
Proposing socially acceptable feelings of reasons in place of actual, unacceptable feelings or reasons for a behavior
|
|
|
Displacement
|
Shifting feelings from one object to a substitute that is not as gratifying but is less anxiety-arousing
|
|
|
DSM-IV
|
Classification sustem for psychological problems; book
|
|
|
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
|
(GAD) Chronically high level of anxiety that is not attached to a specific stimulus
|
|
|
Phobias
|
Irrational fear of an activity, object, or situation that is out of proportion to the actual danger posted
|
|
|
Obsessicve-Compulsive Disorder
|
(OCD) An anxiety disorder characterized by repetitive, irrational, intrusive thoughts, impulses, or images (obsessions) and irresistible, repetitive acts (compulsions) such as checking that doors are locked or washing hands
|
|
|
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
|
(PSTD) Set of symptoms that may follow deeply disturbing events; symptoms include reliving the event, difficulty in concentrating, sleep disturbances, anxiety, and guilt
|
|
|
Neurosis
|
Relatively mild disorder; anxiety driving force;anxiety related, not dangerous, rarely needs hospitalization, mostly miserable
|
|
|
Somatoform Disorders
|
Disorders involving physical complaints that do not have a known medical cause but are related to psychological factors
|
|
|
Hypochondriasis
|
Somatoformn disorder in which a person believes that he or she has a serious disease despite repeated medical findings to the contrary
|
|
|
Conversion Disorder
|
Somatoform disorder in which a person presents sensory or motor symptoms that do not have a medical explanation
|
|
|
Dissociative Disorders
|
Disorders affecting a function of the mind, such as memory for events, knowledge of one's identity, or consciousness
|
|
|
Amnesia
|
Dissociative disorder that involves a sudden inability to recall important personal information; often occurs in response to trauma or extreme stress
|
|
|
Fugue
|
Dissociative disorder involving amnesia and flight from the workplace or home; mau involve establsihing a new identity in a new location
|
|
|
Dissociative Identity Disorder
|
(Multiple Personality) Dissociative disorder in which a person has two or more separate personalities, which usually alternate
|
|
|
Major Depression
|
Mood disorder characterized by sadness; a feeling of guilt; changes in sleep, appetite, and motor behavior; and sometimes thoughts of suicide
|
|
|
Bipolar Disorder
|
Mood disorder in which a person experiences episodes of mania and depression, which usually alternate
|
|
|
Tricyclic Antidepressants
|
Reduce the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, thus making more of these chemical messengers available at synapses
|
|
|
MAO Inhibitors
|
Prevent MAO from breaking down norepinephrine and serotonin, thus increasing their levels in the brain
|
|
|
SSRIs
|
(Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) Have little, if any effect on norepinephrine
|
|
|
Psychoses
|
Serious disturbance, reality contect impaired, can be dangerous to self and others hospitalization of neccessary may be organic involvement; any disorder in which a severely disturbed individual
|
|
|
Schizophrenia
|
Psychotic disorder characterized by positive symptoms (excesses) such as delusions, hallucinations, and fluent but disorganized speech or negative symptoms (deficits) such as flat or blunted affects
|
|
|
Delusions
|
An obviously false beleive that is difficult to change
|
|
|
Hallucinations
|
Sensory ecperiences that are not caused by stimulation of the relevant sensory organ may occur in any of the senses
|
|
|
Anti-psychotis
|
(Major Tranquilizers) Drugs that reduce the sumptoms of schizophrenia by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain; the typical antipsychotic drugs work by blocking dopamine, whereas the atypical drugs (such as Clozapine) also block serotonin
|
|
|
Tardive Dyskinesia
|
A serious adverse effect of antipsychotic drugs characterized by involuntary motor symptoms such as lip smacking
|
|
|
Psychiatrists
|
Medical doctor with specialized training in the medical treatment of mental and emotional disorders
|
|
|
Clinical Psychologists
|
Speciality of psychology that involves the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders
|
|
|
Counseling Psychology
|
Speciality of psychology that deals with less serious problems than those treated by clinical psychologists
|
|
|
Biomedical Therapy
|
A set of treatments for mental illness that include drugs, psychosurgery, electroconvulsive therapy
|
|
|
Psychosurgery
|
(Prefrontal Lobotomy) The alteration of brain tissue in an attempt to alleviate psychological disorders
|
|
|
Electroconvulsive Shock Therapy(ECT)
|
A biomedical treament in whcih an electric current is passed through the brain to induce a seizure; most often used to treat severe depression
|
|
|
Drug Therapy (Medication)
|
Drugs to cure mental problems
|
|
|
Psychotherapy
|
A special relationship between a distressed person and a trained therapist in which the therapist aids the client in developing awareness and changing his or her thinking, felling, and behavior
|
|
|
Psychoanalysis (Freud)
|
Treatment for maladaptive behavior developed by Sigmund Freud; its goal is to bring unconscious causes of behavior to the conscious level
|
|
|
Humanistic Therapy
|
Therapies that emphasize the present and the ability of clients to solve their own problems once they are able to accept themselves
|
|
|
Systematic Desensitization
|
A behavioral technique based on classical conditioning, that is used to treat phobias; the technique usually combines training in relaxtion with exposure to imagined scenes related to a phobia
|
|
|
Aversion Therapy
|
Classical conditioning technique for reducing or eliminating behavior by pairing the behavior with an unpleasant stimulus
|
|
|
Eclectic Approach
|
View of psychology that combines several different approaches
|
