Psych Final - Exam 2

Front 1

In the classic Piagetian conservation task using liquid, Katie focuses on the heights of the water, failing to realize that changes in width compensate for changes in height. Katie's thinking is characterized by

Back 1

centration

Front 2

An unvaccinated human rights worker is exposed to the measles while working in a Syrian refugee camp and immediately comes home to the US. The worker falls ill with measles and many unvaccinated children in his community ultimately contract the disease. Yet the measles outbreak does not spread beyond their town into the surrounding communities. Why was the outbreak contained

Back 2

People in the surround communities were all vaccinated against measles.

Front 3

Connections between the cerebellum and cerebral cortex

Back 3

support motor coordination and thinking

Front 4

Regarding food choices, toddlers and young preschoolers tend to

Back 4

Both A and B - imitate people they admire and show wariness to new foods

Front 5

As discussed in lecture, a fraudulent paper published in the medical journal, The Lancet, caused fear about the ___ vaccine as a cause of ___.

Back 5

MMR, autism

Front 6

Which of the following is not an example of positive discipline

Back 6

Setting rigid rules and avoiding compromise

Front 7

The cerebellum

Back 7

aids in balance and control of the body movement

Front 8

Five year Ellen is demonstrating increasing ability to direct her attention and sustain it in a controlled manner. What underlies these improvements?

Back 8

Increased connection between the reticular formation and the prefrontal coretx

Front 9

Anxious children may respond negatively to others' distress because

Back 9

they feel personal distress and not sympathy

Front 10

Parents in the US may fail to have their children vaccinated against infectious diseases

Back 10

ALL OF THE ABOVE

Immunizations are costly and parents don't have health insurance to cover them

Parents are too stressed and busy to schedule multiple vaccination appointments

Parents fear that faccnes are unsafe

Front 11

More contemporary data on Piaget's famous conservation tasks indicates that

Back 11

young children (4-5) can solve some conservation tasks when they are simplified

Front 12

Four year old Rex goes with his family to NYC. When Rex returns to his preschool he volunteers to tell the class about his trip. Rex's memory of this personally meaningful one time event is known as

Back 12

autobiographical memory

Front 13

When asked Tell me about yourself, which of the following is 3 year old Riley the most likely to say

Back 13

I have new blue shoes

Front 14

The more parents ____, the more emotion words their children use and the better development their emotional understanding

Back 14

label and explain

Front 15

Effortful control is important to emotional self regulation in preschoolers because it allows them to

Back 15

inhibit impulses and shift their attention

Front 16

If you ask preschoolers to describe themselves they usually

Back 16

Give concrete descriptions that include physical appearance, possessions and everday behaviors

Front 17

Authoritative parents

Back 17

promote maturity and adjustment in children f diverse temperaments

Front 18

Four year old Harry is an easy going preschooler whose parents show sentivity for his feelings. When another child is unhappy Harry is likely to respond with

Back 18

sympathy and prosocial behavior

Front 19

Rachel and Michael play near each other in the sandbox. Rachel uses a scoop and a sifter. Michael has a pail and shovel. They do no talk or try to influence each others' behaviors. They are engaged in

Back 19

parallel play

Front 20

Preschoolders think that a friend is someone who

Back 20

likes you and shares toys

Front 21

When parents use inductive discipline they,

Back 21

explain the effects of their child'smisbheavior on others

Front 22

Preschoolers who experience negative emotion intensely find it harder to

Back 22

shift their attention away from disturbing events

Front 23

A ___ parenting style is associated with children who are impulsive, demanding and dependent on adutls

Back 23

permissive

Front 24

On a measure of peer acceptance, Doreen got a large number of positive votes and a large number of negative votes. Doreen would be considered

Back 24

a controversial child

Front 25

In class we watched a CNN story on Karen Wynn's baby lab (good bunny and bad bunny). The experiments in her lab suggest that

Back 25

BOTH A AND B

Infants prefer prosocial models

Infants will sacrifice treats to avoid transacting with antisocial models at least to a point

Front 26

An example of instrumental aggression is a child

Back 26

pushing another child off a seat that she wants to sit on

Front 27

Physical growth during middle childhood

Back 27

continues at the slow, regular pace of early childhood

Front 28

During middle childhood, Shanon became increasingly flexible. This was probably because

Back 28

her ligaments were not yet firmly attached to bones

Front 29

Throughout elementary and secondary school, ____ predicts success

Back 29

cognitive self regulation

Front 30

ADHD is

Back 30

highly heritable and is also associated with some environmental pollutants such as lead

Front 31

Regardless of the extent of their friction, divorcing parents who manage to engage in ____ improve the chances of favorable child outcomes.

Back 31

coparenting

Front 32

As mentioned inlecture, Oppositional defiant disorder is caused by

Back 32

poor parenting and problematic parent-child interactions

Front 33

Erikson's sense of ____ combines several devlopment of middle childhood: self concept, pride in accomplishment, moral responsibility, and cooperative participation

Back 33

Industry

Front 34

9 year old noah observed that he is better than his peers at math but not as good at spelling. Noah is using

Back 34

social comparisions

Front 35

In western nations, the most frequent source of childrens' fears is

Back 35

exposure to negative information in the media

Front 36

Phillip Shaw and colleagues at the NIH have found that children with ADHD

Back 36

seem to have about a 3 year delay in cortical maturation, particularlly in the frontal regions of the brain

Front 37

A Journal of the American Medical Association article reported a 43% drop in obesity in 5 year olds. What factors might account for this drop?

Back 37

ALL OF THE ABOVE

Lower consumption of high sugar beverages

Better nutrition and exercise policies at child care centers and schools

More moms breastfeeding their infants

Front 38

5 year old Caitlyn has always been a good eater. She was a big baby, a robust toddler and a significantly overweight preschooler. What should her parents do to help Caitlyn avoid obesity in childhood and adolescence?

Back 38

Engage the whole family n health eating and moderate exercise and allow Caitlyn to grow into her weight

Front 39

In the in class DVD on obesity, who was the leader in Sam's change toward healthier habits?

Back 39

Sam

Front 40

In middle childhood children begin to

Back 40

compare their own charactertistics to those of peers

Front 41

_____ parenting is correlated with ____ self esteem

Back 41

Indulgent, unrealistically high

Front 42

Children in blended families usually have ____ than children in stable, first marriage households

Back 42

More adjustment problems

Front 43

Jack and Carly have decided to divorce. THey are now involved in a series of meetings with a professional aimed at reducing family conflict. Jack and Carly are participating in

Back 43

mediation

Front 44

Jensen had to memorize the state capitals. To do so he repeated the information to himself. Jensen used a memory strategy known as

Back 44

rehearsal

Front 45

Chandler is high is academic self esteem and motivation. He is likely to

Back 45

use mastery oritented attributions

Front 46

Heidi is shown 16 flowers, 4 of which are blue 12 of which are red. When asked are there more red flowers or flowers? Heidi a preoccupational child responds, more red flowers. This problem demonstrates Heidi's difficulty with

Back 46

hierarchical classification

Front 47

Children in self care who regularly look after themselves for some period of time after school, ________ than children in after school programs

Back 47

are more likely to engage in antisocial behavior

Front 48

Whether a child is maltreated largely depends on

Back 48

the parents' characteristics

Front 49

In a social constructivist classroom,

Back 49

teachers, students and peers wrk together on a wide range of chalenging activities

Front 50

Evaluate whether the following statement is True or False and choose the Best supporting explanation: Research shows that bilingualism has positive effects on cognitive developement

Back 50

True; children who speak two langauges often have higher cognitive flexibility and outperform monolingual children on cognitive tasks

Front 51

Consider the following caregiver responses to a child striking a playmate and determine which response is an example of psychological control

Back 51

The caregiver tells the child that other kids will never like or play with him if he doesn't behave.

Front 52

Which of the following is not a true statement about gender and gender typing in early childhood?

Back 52

Preschool children are often unaware of the genders traditionally associated with partiuclar toys

Front 53

According to Erikson, what major conflict must be resolved during early childhood (3-6)?

Back 53

Initative vs. guilt

Front 54

Which of the following is an example of functional play?

Back 54

Running around a playground

Front 55

Heritability evidence suggests genetic influences on various aspects of executive function, including combining information in working memory, controlling attention and inhibiting inappropriate responses

Back 55

substantial

Front 56

Which of the following is untrue regarding use of harsh and/or corporal punishment?

Back 56

Although its associated with ST difficulties in the parent-child relationship, corporarl punishmentmay effectively reduce major behavioral issues

Front 57

Which of the following is an example of instrumental (proactive) verbal aggresssion?

Back 57

Threatening to strike another child unless they give up their turn on a swing

Front 58

Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of successful intelligence identifies which of the following theory of interacting intelligences?

Back 58

Analytical, creative, practical

Front 59

A preschooler responds to a friends' distress by focusing on her own anxiety. This is an example of

Back 59

poor emotion regulation

Front 60

In a recent Ad campaign we reviewed in class, Shrek, Donky and friends were encouraged to

Back 60

go out and play!