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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychological disorder
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a condition that either seriously impairs a person's ability to function in life or creates a high level of inner distress
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approaches to psychological disorders
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biological, psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, diathesis-stress, systems approach
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biological approach
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disorders have a biochemical or physiological basis
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psychoanalytical approach
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result from unconscious internal conflicts
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cognitive-behavioral approach
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result from learning maladaptive ways of thinking/behaving
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diathesis-stress
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people biologically predisposed to a mental disorder (diathesis) will tend to exhibit that disorder when particularly affected by stress
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systems approach
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biological, psychological, and social risk factors combined - disorders
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mood disorders
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restricted emotional range; disturbances in mood or prolonged emotional state
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specific mood disorders
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depression, mania, bipolar disorder
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symptoms of depression
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overwhelming feelings of sadness; lack of interest in activities; sometimes excessive guilt or feelings of worthlessness;
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2 forms of clinical depression
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major depressive disorder
dysthymia |
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major depressive disorder
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an episode of intense sadness that may last for several months
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dysthymia
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less intense sadness but persists with little relief for a period of 2 years or more
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symptoms of mania
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euphoric states; extreme physical activity; excessive talkativeness; distractedness; sometimes grandiosity
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bipolar disorder
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alternating periods of mania and depression, may go thru periods of normal mood
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causes of mood disoders
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biological factors; psychological factors; social factors
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biological causes of mood disorders
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genetics (twin studies); certain chemical imbalances in the brain have been linked to mood disorders
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psychological causes of mood disorders
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cognitive distortions; illogical/maladaptive responses to negative life events
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types of illogical thinking
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arbitrary inference; overgeneralization; magnification & minimization
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social causes of mood disorders
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difficulties in interpersonal relationships
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anxiety disorders
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phobias; panic disorder; generalized anxiety disorder; obsessive-compulsive disorder
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types of phobias
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specific; social; agoraphobia
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specific phobia
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intense fear of some object
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social phobia
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excessive, inappropriate fears connected with social situations or performances
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agoraphobia
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multiple, intense fear of crowds, public places
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panic disorder
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recurrent panic attacks: sudden intense fear/terror without any reasonable cause
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generalized anxiety disorder
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prolonged, vague but intense fears not attached to any particular object or circumstance
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obsessive-compulsive disorder
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recurrent, uncontrollable disturbing thoughts (obsessions) and/or senseless rituals (compulsions)
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causes of anxiety disorders
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prepared responses; not feeling in control of one's life; an inherited predisposition; internal psychological conflict
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schizophrenic disorders
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delusions; hallucinations
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delusions
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false beliefs about reality that have no basis
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hallucinations
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sensory experiences in the absence of external stimulation
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types of schizophrenic disorders
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disorganized schizophrenia;
catatonic schizophrenia; paranoid schizophrenia; undifferentiated schizophrenia |
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disorganized schizo
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bizarre and childlike behaviors are common
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catatonic schizo
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disturbed motor activity
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paranoid schizo
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suspiciousness/bizarre delusions
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undifferentiated schizo
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symptoms that don't meet the criteria for another subtype of the disorder
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causes of schizo
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genetics;
elevated dopamine levels; enlarged ventricles in the brain; abnormal pattern of connections between cortical cells; family relationships |
