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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A drug is a chemical compound that produces these three things...
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Psychological, behavioural, and physiological effects.
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Psychoactive effects refer to...
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alterations in cognitive, behavioural, and motor processes
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Most drugs have these four types of names...
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Chemical, generic/non-proprietary, trade/proprietary, street name
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Fluoxetine (generic name)
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Prozac (trade name)
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Triazolam (generic name)
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Halcion (trade name)
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Diazepam (generic name)
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Valium (trade name)
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Pharmacokinetics involve...
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Administration, absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination
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Pharmacodynamics involve...
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the interaction of the drug with receptors at the site of action
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Length of time for inhaled drugs to reach the brain:
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5-8 seeconds
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Length of time for drugs administered intravenously to reach the brain:
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~14 seconds
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Mainlining
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Intravenous injections
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Skin popping
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SubQ injections
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Within __ minutes, drug concentrations in fetal blood usually reach __ - __% of that of the mother
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5 minutes, 75 - 100%
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Naloxone
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Opiate receptor antagonist
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Nalorphine
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mixed opiate agonist-antagonist
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Vertical axis of a DRC
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% of subjects exhibiting the measured effect
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Horizontal axis of DRC
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Dose
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ED50
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Dose of the drug that can produce a response in 50% of the subjects
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Therapeutic index for a given drug
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LD50/ED50
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Margin of safety for a drug
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LD1/ED99
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Sodium acetate
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Urinary alkalizer
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Sodium biphosphate
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urinary acidifier
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Number of half-lives for a drug to be mostly eliminated
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Six--98.4%
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Half life of marijuana
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5 days
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Scopolamine
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anticholinergic drug that causes reduction in saliva secretions
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Predrug cues
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CS that is often a combination of auditory, visual, and tactile stimuli
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Subclinical withdrawal symptoms
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Symptoms that are not so severe as to require medical supervision, but they are uncomfortable and disturbing to the patient
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Extinction
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Getting rid of a CR by presenting the CS and not following it with the expected UCS
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Naloxone
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opiate receptor agonist
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nalorphine
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opiate receptor partial agonist
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fluoxetone
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prozac, t1/2 is 2-3 days, metabolite is active: norfluoxetine (Active for over a week)
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sodium acetate
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urinary alkalizer
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sodium bisphosphate
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urinary acidifer
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cholinergic system
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learning and memory (Alzheimer's)
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cathecholamines
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dopamine and NE, dop: pleasure, movement, schizophrenia; NE: mood and affect
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seretonin
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mood, sex, appetite, sleep, hallucinations, aggression
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glutamate
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major excitatory NT, neural plasticity
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GABA
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major inhibitory NT, involved in anxiety
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amphetamines
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stimulant, reinforcing effects (self-admin) and aversion (tast),
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LSD
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seretonergic hallucinogen (psilocybin, dimethyltryptamine, butotenine)
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arecoline
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cholinergic agonist
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caffeine
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adenosie receptor agonist
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atropine
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cholinergic blocker
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mecamylamine
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blocks nicotine receptors
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rimonabant
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blocks cannabinoid receptrs
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varenicline
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champix, chatix, partical nicotine agonist, reduces withdrawal and cravings
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buproprion
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zyban, wellbutrin, nicotinic receptor antagonist
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cotinine
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major metabolite of nicotine
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cannabis sativa
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18 ft, both male and female contain cannabinoids, exudes sticky resin from leaes and flwoering tops
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sinsemellia
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pollination prevented, resin increases
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dronabinol
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marivol, thc in sesame oil suspension
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nabilone
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cesamet, synthetic thc
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sativex
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thc in spray
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anandamide
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cannabinoid ligand
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Caffeine: significant blood levels are reached in__, peak blood [ ]s in __, peak CNS effects in __, and a t1/2 __.
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30-60 mins, 1 hour, 2 hours, 5 hours
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Lethal dose of caffeine
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200 mg.kg
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Withdrawal symptoms of caffeine begin __ after cessation, peak after __, and are gone by__.
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12-24 hrs, 24-48 hrs, one week
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First users of tobacco
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Mayans, 300 ad
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Four cushions on the sofa of pleasure
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opium, tobacco, wine, coffee
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per capita consumption of tobacco
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1964-4300
2005-1700 |
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CNDs aged 15 and older who smoke
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1965: 50%
2008: 20% |
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Amount of nicotine in a typical cigarette
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0.5-2.0 mg
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Lethal dose of nicotine
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60 mg
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Withdrawal duration for nicotine
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10 days-30 days, but cravings can last for years
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__ of CNDs over 15 reported lifeteime use of cannabis
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45%, 2004
30%, 1994 |
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Cannabis past year use
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15%
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Grade 11, 12 past year cannabis use
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40%
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THC content in marijuana
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1970: 1-2%, 15-30mg
now: 4%, 60 mg |
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THc content of hash, hash oil
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10%, 40%
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THC: peack blood __, peak effects __, effects last __, t1/2 __.
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10 mins, 30-60 mins, 204 hours, 30 hours
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