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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is a mental representation? |
Bits of memory that represent something that is not present at the time |
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Difference between a formal and natural concept? |
Formal concept- learned, taught in a formal setting Natural concept- develops naturally as we live our life |
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We organize knowledge in categories, whats the difference between super ordinate and subordinate? |
Super ordinate- general (animal) Subordinate- specific (Italian greyhound |
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In problem solving what is an algorithm? |
Method of solving a problem that is always leads to a correct solution |
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What is a heuristic? |
A method of solving a problem that may or may not work usually a shortcut |
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What is functional fixedness? |
Seeing an object in a limited way, limits creativity |
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In the context of language development, what is the Whorifan Hypothesis? |
Thinking and language are connected and if it isnt in your language then you can't think about it |
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Children and language, what is overextention and underextention? |
Overextention- using one word for many things Underextention- using a general word for only one thing instead of many things like it is intended |
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Difference between crystallized and fluid intelligence? |
Crystallized- stored knowledge, usually come with age Fluid- speed at which we learn new things and solve problems |
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What is commonly Accepted view of nature vs. nurture? |
The interaction of nature and nurture together determines what we become |
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What is a teratogen? |
Threats to an embryo, ex. Alcohol |
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What is a reflex? |
Reaction that is an autonomous response to an environmental stimulus |
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Explain Piagets concepts of assimilation and accommodation? |
Assimilation- use existing schema to understand something new Accommodation- change or create schema in order to understand something new |
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👐FOUR stages of Piagets model of cognitive development🙌 |
1.Sensorimotor 2.Preoperational 3.Concrete Operational 4.Former Operational |
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Vygotsky, instruction from a parent can aide a child's cognitive development, particularly if the instruction is within a child? |
Zone of Proximal development |
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3 levels of Kohlburgs model of reasoning? |
Preconventional- consequences of behaviour Conventional- abiding by society Post conventional- development of own values, explore options if morality |
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Dory cries when visitors come to ger parents house, whats she showing? |
Stranger anxiety |
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Explain cognitive dissonance? |
Uncomfortable state where behaviours and attitudes dont match |
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Difference between trait attribution and situational attribution? |
Trait- assigning the cause of the behaviour to the traits and characteristics of the person being judged Situational-assigning the cause to the situation that is occuring |
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Fundamental attribution error? |
Tendency to over use a trait information when making attribution about others |
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Self-serving bias? |
Tendency to make trait attributions for our success and situational attribution for our errors |
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Difference between stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination? |
stereotypes- schema for a particular people's Prejudice- negative stereotype that is unfairly applied Discrimination- physical expression of a prejudice |
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In group bias? |
Tendency to favour your group more than out groups |
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Out group homogeneity bias? |
Tendency to see all out groups as the same |