Psych Exam 2 - Memory

Front 1

MEMORY

Back 1

Capacity to encode, store, and retrieve information

Front 2

RECALL

Back 2

Process in which previously stored info is retrieved

Front 3

RECOGNITION

Back 3

Ability to identify previously encountered info

Front 4

RELEARNING

Back 4

Effort and time saved in learning info already encountered

Front 5

INFORMATION PROCESSING MODEL

Back 5

Theory that memory and processes of the mind is like a computer

Front 6

LEVELS OF PROCESSING

Back 6

Shallow (Structural) - wuzzit look like

Intermediate (Phonemic) - wuzzit it sound like

Deep (Semantic) - wuzzit remind me of

Front 7

ENCODING

Back 7

Putting in info, storing, retaining, retrieving, recalling info

Front 8

SENSORY MEMORY

Back 8

"Storing bin" for sensory info

1-2 sec visual, longer for auditory

determines if info is worthy enough to be processed

Front 9

ICONIC MEMORY

Back 9

Fast decay of visual info

Front 10

ECHOIC MEMORY

Back 10

Fast decay of auditory info

Front 11

SHORT TERM MEMORY

Back 11

Working/rehearsal memory

20-30 seconds

Front 12

PATTERN RECOGNITION

Back 12

Compares info already in long term memory; will either go to LTM, decay, or get lost

Front 13

MAGIC NUMBER

Back 13

Amount of items that can be memorized at a time (7+/- 2)

Front 14

CHUNKING

Back 14

Technique of grouping data together to ease process of memorization

Front 15

LONG TERM MEMORY

Back 15

Few minutes to a decade

Different categories - explicit and implicit

Front 16

EXPLICIT MEMORY

Back 16

Intentional/conscious effort to recall of past

two kinds: semantic and episodic

Front 17

SEMANTIC MEMORY

Back 17

Facts, common knowledge, rules, concepts

Front 18

EPISODIC MEMORIES

Back 18

Personal experiences or recollections

Front 19

IMPLICIT MEMORY

Back 19

Past experiences that influence future behaviors and performance - people unaware of memory recall occurring

Front 20

PROCEDURAL

Back 20

Motor skills - knowing how to do stuff

Front 21

PRIMING

Back 21

Conditions making it easier to identify information similar to what has been encountered previously

Front 22

PRIMACY EFFECT

Back 22

Remembering stuff listed first

Front 23

RECENCY EFFECT

Back 23

Remembering stuff listed last

Front 24

FREQUENCY

Back 24

Remembering stuff that's always in your face

Front 25

DISTINCTIVENESS

Back 25

Remembering stuff so random just cuz

Front 26

MAINTENANCE REHEARSAL

Back 26

Retaining and repetition with STM only - not effective

Front 27

ELABORATIVE REHEARSAL

Back 27

Know it, review it, repeat and retrieve it - GIVE MEANINGS to info

Front 28

VISUAL IMAGERY

Back 28

Assigning a visual aid to represent a word or concept to aid in memorization

Front 29

METHOD OF LOCI

Back 29

Matching up of visual cues to words or concepts of previously stored info

Front 30

LEGION ON HYPOTHALAMUS

Back 30

HYPERphagia-overeating

Front 31

LEGION ON THALAMUS

Back 31

Phagia-undereating

Front 32

DUAL-CODING THEORY

Back 32

Use of both semantic and visual codes will ensure more effective encoding since both will recall info

Front 33

CHESS/CHASE-SIMON EXAMPLE

Back 33

Presented sequence of objects/concepts will be more easily remembered if presented to a master of such objects

Expert knowledge only useful to relevant information

Front 34

FLASHBULB MEMORIES

Back 34

Memories remembered much more confidently than they should (dramatic positive/negative) - Shaun about Natalie

Front 35

SOURCE MEMORY

Back 35

Focusing on the who, what, where, when, why about a memory - info on the SOURCE of memory

Front 36

MEMORY MISATTRIBUTION

Back 36

Attributing memory to the wrong source

Front 37

INEFFECTIVE ENCODING

Back 37

Not encoded properly, can't even remember it

Front 38

DECAY THEORY

Back 38

Memory fades over time

Front 39

RETROACTIVE INTERFERENCE

Back 39

New info interfering with old memories

Front 40

PROACTIVE INTERFERENCE

Back 40

Old memories interfering with new memories

Front 41

MOTIVATED FORGETTING

Back 41

Painful memory blocked from consciousness; Trauma promotes forgetting of a certain memory

Front 42

ENCODING SPECIFICITY

Back 42

Staging the cue in the original way in which info was encoded helps recall

Front 43

RETROGRADE AMNESIA

Back 43

Deficit remembering things BEFORE amnesia

Front 44

ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA

Back 44

Deficit learning thiNGS AFTER amnesia

Front 45

POST-TRAUMATIC AMNESIA

Back 45

Impaired cognitive abilities (memory loss?) after traumatic accident

ex. Michelle Tanner

Front 46

CHILDHOOD AMNESIA

Back 46

Just not being able to remember stuff when little

Front 47

6 STAGES OF DEMENTIA

Back 47

Memory loss of recent events

Changes in way of thinking -> personality change

Loss of daily personal care capabilities (feeding)

Aphasia - loss of language

Apraxia - loss of body movement

Agnosia - loss of recognizing normal objects