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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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dendrite
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a neuron's bushy branching extensions that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body
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neuron
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a nerve cell
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axon
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the neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to muscles or glands
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myelin sheath
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a fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of some neurons, enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop from one node to the next
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action potential
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a neural impulse, charge that runs down the axon
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threshold
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the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
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synapse
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thw junction between the axon and a dendrite
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neurotransmitters
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chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons
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reuptake
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a neurotransmitters reabsorption by the sending neuron
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central nervous system
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brain and spinal cord
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peripheral nervous system
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the sensory and motor neurons that connect the cns to the rest of the body
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nerves
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bundles axons
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interneurons
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neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between sensory inputs and motor outputs
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somatic nervous system
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the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles
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autonomic nervous system
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the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and muscles of the internal organs
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sympathetic nervous system
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division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body
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parasympathetic
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slows down system
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endocrine system
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the body's slow chemical communication system
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