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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define mood types:
Dysthymic Dysphoric Euthymic Elevated Euphoric Alexithymic |
Dysthymic- low , slightly depressed
Dysphoric:general feeling of distress Euthymic: Standard happy non-depressed mood Elevated:Sustained feelings of success, confidence, and well-being. Severely elevated mood, however, could indicate mania or psychosis. Euphoric: extreme happiness Alexithymic: can't classify mood |
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What are the definitions of these types of affect:
Flat blunted Restricted Full range Expansive Labile |
Flat-absence of outward expression of mood
Blunted= very restricted expression of mood Restricted= Less severe form of blunted but still restricted Full Range=range of appropriate emotions expressed Expansive= inappropriate emotional tone for subject Labile=rapid abrupt changes in emotional tone |
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Define these language impariments:
Clang associations Neologisms Perseverations |
Clang associations=using words that sound the same but differ in meaning
Neologisms= Patient makes up words Perseverations= patient get stuck on a topic even when new one is presented |
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What is a mood congruent delusion versus a mood incongruent delusion?
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Delusions either match the patients condition or not ie depressed patients suffering from delusion of being worthless and stupid is congruent
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What is an illusion delusion?
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misrepresentation of or misinterpretation of external stimuli
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Define these delusion related terms:
Ideas of reference Thought withdrawl Thought insertion Thought broadcasting |
IR= person inappropriately interpret the actions of others toward them
Thought Withdrawl=thoughts take from them by others Thought insertion: thoughts inserted into their head Thought broadcasting: personal thoughts being heard by others or transmitted over airwaves |
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Define depersonalization and derealization?
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Depersonalization is that the person themselves feels unreal and strange
Derealization is the environment feel unreal or strange |
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What is the definition of insight?
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The patients level of knowledge about their illness
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What is the DSM and what types of infomation does it consider?
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Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental health, considers culture\age\gender, family patterns, prevalence, course, differential diagnosis
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What is considered in the axis I of DSM?
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Consideration of disorder type
ie eating,DRUG ADDICTION, sleeping, sexual etc, CLINICAL DISORDERS |
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What is described in axis 2 of DSM?
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Mental retardation and personality disorders
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What is described in axis 4 of DSM?
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socioeconomic conditions and access to care
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What is described in axis 5 of DSM?
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Global assesment scale, clinicians judgment
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What is described in axis 3 of DSM?
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Acute medical conditions and physical disorders
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What is the maximum score for a mini mental status exam? Failing score?
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30, 23
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WHat are the subjects tested in the mini mental status exam?
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Orientation
Registration Recall Language Attention |
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Why are chromosomes 6, 8 , and 13 under investigation in schizophrenia?
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GLutamate transmission genes
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What are the lobes of the brain?
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FulL POT
Frontal Limbic Parietal Occipital Temporal |
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What are the 3 portions of the frontal lobe and what functions do they serve?
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Dorsolateral-executive function
Orbitofrontal-biological drives Medial-movement |
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What is the maximum score for a mini mental status exam? Failing score?
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30, 23
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WHat are the subjects tested in the mini mental status exam?
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Orientation
Registration Recall Language Attention |
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Why are chromosomes 6, 8 , and 13 under investigation in schizophrenia?
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GLutamate transmission genes
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What are the lobes of the brain?
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FulL POT
Frontal Limbic Parietal Occipital Temporal |
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What are the 3 portions of the frontal lobe and what functions do they serve?
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Dorsolateral-executive function
Orbitofrontal-biological drives Medial-movement |
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What are the 2 portions of the limbic lobe and their functions?
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Hippocampus-memory
Amygdala-emotional coordination |
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What are the functions of the parietal lobe?
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somatic sensations, body image
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What is the function of the occipital lobe of the brain?
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vision
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What is the function of the basal ganglia?
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relay information from the cortex to the frontal lobes
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If 90% of the population is right handed what percentage is left brain dominant?
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90%
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What are the functions of the left brain and the right brain?
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Left brain=language
Right brain= perception, facial recognition, artistic abilities |
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What functions of the hippocampus are important to human behavior?
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emotional control, role in depression
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What are three types of neurotransmitters? Synthesis location
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AA's:presynaptic terminal monoamines:P T
,Neuropeptides: Neuronal cell body |
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What disorders is dopamine associated with?
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Schizophrenia, Substance abuse
mood disorders, parkinsons, |
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What are the 3 other NTs and some conditions associated with them?
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NE:learning, attention, mood, anxiety
Serotonin:M, A, sleep, sexuality, impulse control Ach:cognitive function, movement |
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What can a lesion in the right prefrontal cortex cause? Left?
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Elevated mood
Depression |
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Is the basal ganglia responsible for visual hallucination dysfunctions?
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no
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What are 3 NT implicated in schizophrenia?
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Dopamine, serotonin, glutamate
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What are the clinical signs of delirium?
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Acute changes in cognition, consciousness, sympathetic arousal, impaired sleep wake cycle
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What individuals are at increased risk of delirium?
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Elderly, surgically stressed and medically fragile
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What is the prognosis of delirium?
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Very high morbidity in ill if cause not found, rapid recovery if cause found
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WHat is dementia?
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Multiple cognitive defects, including memory loss
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Define aphasia
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language disturbance
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Define amnesia
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loss of memory (required for diagnosis)
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Define apraxia
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Inability to perform motor function despite intact motor function
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Define agnosia
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inability to identify familiar objects
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Does dementia affect executive function? What is usually affected first?
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yes
short term memory |
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How is dementia different from delirium?
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Not acute, no ANS effects, no wax and wane, full alertness
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What is the most common dementia and what are its characteristics?
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Alzheimers, slow onset, prevalence increases with age
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What are some risk factors for alzheimers?
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Female, age, head injury, down syndrome and first degree relative has alzheimers
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What is the 2nd most common dementia? Difference from alzheimers?
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Vascular dementia, rapid onset
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How is Lewy Bodies dementia different from Alzheimers?
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may have parkinsonism and visual hallucinations
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What are 2 symptoms of Picks dementia?
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disinhibition, language impairment
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What are some symptoms\characteristics of huntingtons dementia?
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Chreoatetosis, late age of onset, progressive
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What is an amnesiatic disorder? Most common cause?
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Inability to learn new info or recall old, Chronic alcoholism
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What causes Wernike-Korsakov amneisa? What characterizes it?
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Vitamine B1=thiamine deficiency
Confabulation |
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How can amnesia be differentiated from dementia?
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dementia patients suffer from aphasia
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What are the 4 A's of dementia?
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Aphasia, Amnesia, Apraxia, Agnosia
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