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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Psychology? |
Scientific study of:
* The mind * Human behavior * Mental process |
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3 types of Psychology |
1. Industrial Orginization (I/O): Applies the principals of psych to the workplace. 2. Experimental: Conducts research on basic psychological processes. 3. Personality: Study of differences among individuals in trails such as sociability, conscientiousness, emotional stability self-esteem, etc. |
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Scientific Method |
* Approach to knowledge that relies on collecting data * Generating a theory to explain the data * Producing testable hypothesis based on the theory * Testing the hypothesis empirically |
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Year Psychology was born |
1879 |
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Free Association |
A patient lies on a couch, recounts dreams, and says whatever comes to mind. |
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Define Tabula Rasa |
Blank State |
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Research methods in Psychology |
* Naturalistic Observation - Studies what occurs naturally. * Survey - Questions & interviews given to select group of people. * Correlational - Studies relationship between 2 variables. * Case study - Analysis of individual group. * Experiment - Studies 2 groups: Research (change) and control (stays the same). * Double blind - Researchers and participants are unaware of who receives placebo. |
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What does APA stand for? |
American Psychological Association |
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All or Nothing Law |
A neuron is either firing or resting - there's no in between. |
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Ions |
Electrically charged particles inside and outside of the axon. + or -. |
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Resting Potential |
More negative ions inside the axon than outside. |
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Neural Impulse/Action Potential |
Firing of a neuron. |
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Neurotransmitter |
Chemicals released by the synaptic vesicles that travel across the synaptic space and affect adjacent neurons. |
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Central Nervous System contains what? |
Brain & spinal cord. |
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Sympathetic Nervous System |
Fight or flight, active. |
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Parasympathetic Nervous System |
Relaxed, calm. |
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Wernicke's area of the brain |
* Language * Understanding |
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Broca's area of the brain |
Responsible for the ability to talk. |
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Genes |
Basic units of inheritance. |
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Pineal gland |
Secretes melatonin and seratonin. |
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Chromosomes |
Pairs of thread-like bodies within the cell nucleus that contain the genes. |
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Frontal Lobe |
Coordinates messages from other cerebral lobes; such as complex problem solving. |
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Parietal Lobe |
Receives sensory information from sense receptors all over the body. |
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Temporal Lobe |
Involved in complex visual tasks; regulates emotions & balance. |
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Occipital Lobe |
Receives and processes visual information. |
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DNA |
(Deoxyribonucleic acid) * Complex molecule in a double-helix configuration * Main ingredient of chromosomes and genes * Forms a code for all genetic information |
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Hypothesis |
Scientific, testable predictions derived from a theory; educated guess. |
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3 tiny bones in the ear |
1. Anvil 2. Stirrup 3. Hammer |
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Rods |
Receptor cells in the retina responsible for night vision and perception of brightness. |
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Cones |
Receptor cells in the retina responsible for color vision. |
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One tool that can be used to study the brain |
CAT or CT scan (Computerized axial tomography) - Permits 3D imaging of a living human brain. |
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Pancreas |
Responsible for secreting insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels. |
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Absolute Threshold |
The least amount of energy that can be detected as a stimulation 50% of the time. |
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Where are the tongues taste buds located? |
* Tip * Sides * Back of tongue |
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Pupil |
Small opening in the iris through which light enters the eye. |
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Iris |
Colored part of the eye that regulates the size of the pupil. |
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Sensation |
Basic experience of stimulating the body's senses. |
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Receptor Cell |
Specialized cell that responds to a particular type of energy. |
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Adaptation |
An adjustment to the senses to the level of stimulation they are receiving. |
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Cornea |
Transparent coating over the front of the eye. |
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Lens |
Transparent part of the eye behind the pupil that focuses light onto the retina. |
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Fovea |
Area of the retina that is the center of the visual field. |
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Retina |
Lining of the eye containing receptor cells that are sensitive to light. |
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Sound |
Psychological experience created by the brain in response to changes in air pressure that are received by the auditory system. |
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Sound waves |
Changes in pressure caused when molecules of air or fluid collide with one another and then moves apart again. |
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Amplitude |
Loudness |
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Decibel |
Unit of measurement for loudness of sounds. |
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Oval window |
Membrane across the opening between the middle and inner ear that conducts vibrations to the cochlea. |
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Cochlea |
Part of the inner ear containing fluid that vibrates, which causes the basilar membrane to vibrate. |
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Basilar membrane |
Vibrating membrane in the cochlea of the inner ear. |
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Organ of Corti |
Structure on the surface of the basilar membrane that contains the receptor cells for hearing. |
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Auditory nerve |
Bundle of axons that carries signals from each ear to then brain. |
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Olfactory bulb |
The smell center of the brain. |
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Taste buds |
Structures on the tongue that contain the receptor cells for taste. |
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Corpus callosum |
Thick band of nerve fibers connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres. |
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Cerebral cortex |
Outer surface of the two cerebral hemispheres that regulates most complex behavior. |