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17 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

behavior genetics

the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior

environment

every nongenetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us

chromosomes

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

a complex molecule containing the genetic info that makes up the chromosomes

genes

the biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing proteins (each person has 46 chromosomes, 23 from sperm and 23 from egg)

genome

the complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes

identical twins (monozygotic twins)

develop from a single fertilized egg that splits into two, creating two genetically identical organisms

fraternal twins (dizygotic twins)

develop from separate fertilized eggs - they are genetically no closer than ordinary brothers and sisters, but they share a prenatal environment

temperament

a person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity

heritability

the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes - the heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studies

molecular genetics

the subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes

molecular behavior genetics

the study of how the structure and function of genes interact with our environment to influence behavior

epigenetics

the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change

evolutionary psychology

the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection

natural selection

the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to the reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

mutation

a random error in a gene replication that leads to a change

social script

culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations