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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
behavior genetics |
the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior |
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environment |
every nongenetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us |
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chromosomes |
threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes |
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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) |
a complex molecule containing the genetic info that makes up the chromosomes |
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genes |
the biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing proteins (each person has 46 chromosomes, 23 from sperm and 23 from egg) |
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genome |
the complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes |
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identical twins (monozygotic twins) |
develop from a single fertilized egg that splits into two, creating two genetically identical organisms |
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fraternal twins (dizygotic twins) |
develop from separate fertilized eggs - they are genetically no closer than ordinary brothers and sisters, but they share a prenatal environment |
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temperament |
a person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity |
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heritability |
the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes - the heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studies |
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molecular genetics |
the subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes |
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molecular behavior genetics |
the study of how the structure and function of genes interact with our environment to influence behavior |
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epigenetics |
the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change |
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evolutionary psychology |
the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection |
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natural selection |
the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to the reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations |
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mutation |
a random error in a gene replication that leads to a change |
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social script |
culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations |