Psych Chapter 14 (538-548, 561-566)

Front 1

personality( skip 14-27) not on test

Back 1

people's typical ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving

Front 2

trait

Back 2

relatively enduring predisposition that influences our behavior across many situation

Front 3

nomothetic approach

Back 3

approach to personality that focuses on identifying general laws that govern the behavior of all individuals

Front 4

idiographic approach

Back 4

approach to personality that focuses on identifying the unique configuration of characteristics and life history experiences within a person

Front 5

Tellegren university of minnestoa findings

Back 5

twins separated at birth are far more similar than fraternal twins reared apart... more convincing case for the role of genetic influences on personality would be ahrd to come by... shared environment plays little or no role in adult personality

Front 6

novelty seeking

Back 6

a trait that refers to the tendency to search out and enjoy new experiences

Front 7

theories describing personality

Back 7

how do our personalities develop
what are the core driving forces in our personalitities or ,"", more informally , what makes us tick
what accounts for individual differences in personality

Front 8

freud's theory of personality

Back 8

psychological determinism- assumption that all psychological events have a cause
there is nothing that is meaningless... everything counts
unconscious motivation- we rarely understand why we do what we do

Front 9

the id

Back 9

is the reservoir of our most primitive impulses including sex and aggression, entirely unconscious , contains the sex drive- libido

Front 10

pleasure principle

Back 10

tendency of the id to strive for immediate gratification

Front 11

ego

Back 11

psyche's executive and principal decision maker

Front 12

reality principle

Back 12

tendency of the ego to postpone gratification until it can find an appropriate outlet

Front 13

superego

Back 13

our sense of morality

Front 14

displacement

Back 14

we direct an impulse from a socially unacceptable target onto a safer andmore socially acceptable target. ( taking anger from day at work out on punching bag)

Front 15

rationalization

Back 15

give a reasonable sounding explanation for our unreasonable behaviors or for failures

Front 16

intellectualization

Back 16

perform bizarre actions engage allows us to avoid anxiety by thinking about abstract and interpersonal thoughts

Front 17

identification with the aggressor

Back 17

process of adopting the characteristics of individuals we find threatening

Front 18

sublimation

Back 18

transforming a socially unacceptabe impulse into an admired goal

Front 19

erogenous zone

Back 19

sexually arousing zone

Front 20

oral stage

Back 20

psychosexual stage that focuses on the mouth-birth-12-18 months

Front 21

anal stage

Back 21

psychosexual stage that focuses on toilet training
18 months- 3 years

Front 22

phallic stage

Back 22

lasts 3- 6 years old child gain attraction to opposite sex child and genitials become source of attention

Front 23

oedipus complex

Back 23

greek myth- boy unknowingly killed his father and married his mother=> boys want their mom

Front 24

electra complex

Back 24

greek myth- girl avenges her father's murder by killing her mother

Front 25

latency stage

Back 25

period of calm following latency stage

Front 26

genitial stage

Back 26

psychosexual stage in which sexual impulses are awaken and typically begin to mature into romantic attraction toward others a

Front 27

factor analysis

Back 27

statistica technique that analyzes the correlations among responses on personality inventories and other measures

Front 28

big five

Back 28

five traits that have surfaced repeatedly in factor analyses of personality measures

Front 29

lexical approach

Back 29

approach proposing that the most crucial features of personality are embeddded in our language

Front 30

conscientiousness

Back 30

conscientious people tend to be careful adn responsible

Front 31

openness to experience

Back 31

sometimes just called "openness" open people tend to be intellectually curious and unconventional

Front 32

extraversion

Back 32

extraverted people tend to be tense and moody

Front 33

aggreableness

Back 33

aggreable people tend to be sociable and easy to get along with

Front 34

neuroticism

Back 34

neurotic people tend to be tense an moody

Front 35

individualism- collectivism

Back 35

people from largely individualistic cultures like the us tend to focus on themselves and personal goals... thsi creates somewhat of a flaw in big five

Front 36

cosmetic copharmacology

Back 36

used to describe use of medications to produce long term alterations in personality ... prozac paxil and zoloft

Front 37

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Back 37

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