Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
social cognition
|
the study of how people use cognitive processes- such as perception, memory, thought, and emotion- to help make sense of other people as well as themselves
|
|
social schema
|
a general knowledge structure, stored in long term memory, that relates to social experiences or people
|
|
stereotypes
|
the collection of beliefs and impressions held about a group and its members; common stereotypes include those based on gender, race, and age.
|
|
self-fulfilling prophecy effect
|
a condition in which our expectations about the actions of another person actually lead that person to behave in the expected way.
|
|
prejudice
|
positive or negative evaluations of a group and its members
|
|
discrimination
|
behaviors that are directed against members of a group
|
|
attributions
|
the inference processes people use to assign cause and effect to behavior
|
|
external attribution
|
attributing the cause of a persons behavior to an external even or situation in the environment
|
|
internal attribution
|
attributing the cause of a person's behavior to an internal personality trait or disposition
|
|
fundamental attribution error
|
when people seek to interpret someone else's behavior, they tend to overestimate the influence of internal personal factors and underestimate the role of situational factors
|
|
actor-observer effect
|
the overall tendency to attribute our own behavior to external sources but to attribute the behavior of others to internal sources
|
|
self-serving bias
|
the tendency to make internal attributions about one's own behavior when the outcome is positive and to blame the situation when one's behavior leads to something negative
|
|
attitude
|
a positive or negative evaluation or belief held about something, which in turn may affect ones behavior; attitudes are typically broken down into cognitive, affective, and behavioral components
|
|
elaboration likelihood model
|
a model proposing two primary routes to persuasion and attitude change: a central route, which operates when we are motivated and focusing our attention on the message, and a peripheral route, which operates when we are either unmotivated to process the message or are unable to do so
|
|
source characteristics
|
features of the person who is presenting a persuasive message, such as his or her attractiveness, amount of power, or fame
|
|
cognitive dissonance
|
the tension produced when people act in a way that is inconsistent with their attitudes
|
|
self-perception theory
|
the idea that people use observations of their own behavior as a basis for inferring their internal beliefs
|
|
social influence
|
the study of how the behaviors and thoughts of individuals are affected by the presence of others
|
|
social facilitation
|
the enhancement in performance that is sometimes found when an individual performs in the presence of others
|
|
social interference
|
the impairment in performance that is sometimes found when an individual performs i the presence of others
|
|
altruism
|
acting in a way that shows unselfish concern for the welfare of others
|
|
bystander effect
|
the reluctance to come to the aid of a person in need when other people are present
|
|
diffusion of responsibility
|
the idea that when people know (or think) that others are present in a situation, they allow their sense of responsibility for action to diffuse, or spread out widely, among those who are present
|
|
social loafing
|
the tendency to put out less effort when working in a group compared to when working alone
|
|
deindividuation
|
the loss of individuality, or depersonalization, that comes from being in a group
|
|
conformity
|
the tendency to comply with the wishes of the group; when people conform, their opinions, feelings, and behaviors generally start to move toward the group norm
|
|
in-group
|
a group of individuals with whom one shares features in common or with whom one identifies
|
|
group polarization
|
the tendency for a groups dominant point of view to become stronger and more extreme with time
|
|
groupthink
|
the tendency for members of a group to become so interested in seeking a consensus of opinion that they start to ignore and even suppress dissenting views
|
|
obedience
|
the form of compliance that occurs when people respond to the orders of an authority figure
|
|
reciprocity
|
the tendency for people to return in kind the feelings that are shown toward them
|
|
passionate love
|
an intense emotional state characterized by a powerful longing to be with a specific person; passionate love is marked by a combination of intimacy and passion, but commitment may be lacking. (See Cowboy)
|
|
compassionate love
|
a kind of emotional attachment characterized by feelings of trust and companionship; companionate love is marked by a combination of intimacy and commitment, but passion may be lacking
|