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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stress |
the tension, discomfort, or physical symptoms that arise when a situation, called a stressor- a type of stimulus- strains our ability to cope effectively. |
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Traumatic event |
severe stressor that can cause long term psychological or health consequences people differ in the stress they can withstand |
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3 aproaches to stress |
stressors as a stimulous stress as a transaction stress as a responce |
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Stressors as a stimuli |
approach focused on identifying different types of stressful events ( job loss- combat). pinpoints categories of events we all find dangerous and unpredictable as well as people who are most susceptible to stress. |
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stress as a transaction |
stress is a subjective experience and a transaction between people and their environments |
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Primary appraisal |
initial decision regarding whether an event is harmful |
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secondary appraisal |
perceptions regarding our ability to cope with an event that follows primary appraisal. |
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problem- focused coping |
coping strategy by which we problem solve and tackle life's challenges head on used when we are optimistic |
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emotion-focused coping |
coping strategy by which we problem solve and tackle life's challenges head on -used when we are optimistic |
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corticosteroid |
stress hormone that activates the body and prepares us to respond to stressful circumstances
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Social read justment rating scale |
test developed by Holmes, measure life events Systematically by stressfullness
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Hassles |
minor annoyance or nuisance that strains our ability to cope. |
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hassles scale |
researchers developed to measure how stressful event were. |
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general adaptation syndrom ( Gas) |
stress responce pattern proposed by Hans selye that consists of three stages: Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion |
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Alaram stage of GAS |
excitation of the autonomic nervous system, discharge of stress hormone adrenaline and physical symptoms of anxiety. |
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Fight of flight response |
physical and psychological reaction that mobilizes people and animals to either defend themselves or escape a threatening situation |
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stress hormones |
adrenalin, cortisal |
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Resistance stage of Gas |
Adapt to the stressor and find a way to cope with the situation. |
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Exhaustion Stage of Gas |
Personal resources are limited and we lack good coping measures, our resistance may ultimately break down causing levels of activation to bottom out. damage to organ system to depression |
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Tend and Befriend |
Reaction that mobilizes people to nurture or seek social support ( befriend) under stress in women |
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oxytocin |
" Love and Bonding hormone" |
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Post traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD) |
long lasting stress reaction |
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The Immune system |
our body's defence system against invading bacteria, viruses, and the potentially illness- producing organisms and substances. |
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Specialized white blood cells |
Phagocytes and lymphocytes- manufactures in the marrow |
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machrophages |
scavenger in the body eating antigens and dead tissue. |
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Aquired immune deficiency syndrome ( AIDS) |
incurable but treatable |
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psychoneuroimmunology |
study of the relationship between the immune system and central nervous system |
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Peptic ulcer |
Inflamed Area in the Gastrointestinal tract that can cause Pain, Nausea, and loss of appetite |
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Ulsers and stress |
relationship isn't clear but stress does effect immune system |
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Psychophysiological |
term to describe illness such as asthma and ulcers in which emotions and stress contribute to maintain, or aggravate the physical condition |
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Biopsychological perspective |
the view that an illness or medical condition is the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors |
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Coronary heart disease ( CHD) |
damage to the heart from the complete or partial blockage of the arteries that provide oxygen to the heart |
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Atherosclerosis |
inflammatory response in the artery walls leads to chest pained the deterioration and death of heart tissue... a heart attack |
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Type A personality |
Personality type that describes people who are competitive, driven, hostile, and ambitious |
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Hostility |
Leading trait in type A personality types contributing to heart attack |
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SOcial support |
relationships with people and groups that can provide us with emotional comfort and personal and financial resourses |
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Social Ties |
mariage, contact with Friends, church membership, and formal number of social connections and social supports available to each person. breakup can be one of the most stressful events to occurs |
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Cognative control |
Ability to cognitvly restructure or think differently about negative emotions that arise in response to stress-provockign events |
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Decisional control |
ability to choose among alternative courses of action -discusing which prof to avoid which surgeon to consult |
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Informational control |
ability to quire information about a stressful event. -knowing type of questions on standardized tests |
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Proactive coping |
anticipation of problems and stressful situations that promotes effective coping. |
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Emotional control |
ability to suppress and express emotions writing in a journal |
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Crisis debreifing/ critical Incident stress debriefing |
done by therapists after traumatic event to ward off PTSD might not work, gets in the way of natural coping |
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Flexible coping |
ability to adjust coping strategies as the situation demands is critical to contending with many stressful situations |
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Hardiness |
Set of attitudes marked by a sense of control over events, commitment to life and work, and courage and motivation to confront stressful circumstances. -view change as challenge |
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Spirituality |
search for sacred, which may or may not extend to a belief in God 1) foster self control and limit risky behavior 2.) attendence boost social support 3.) sense of meaning and purpose, control over life, positive emotions and positive appraisals of may enhance coping |
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Ruminating |
focusing on how bad we feel bad for stress |
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Health psychology |
field of medicine, that integrates the behavioural sciences with the Practice of medicine. |
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Healthy behaviour- stop smoking |
leading cause of preventable death in Canada |
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Healthy behaviour- curb alcohol consumption |
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Healthy behaviour- achieve a healthy weight |
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Overwight |
Emotionaly bad physically bad |
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Healthy behaviour 4- excersice |
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Aerobic exercises |
exercise that promotes the use of oxygen in the body |
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personal Inertia |
trying something new |
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Misestimating risk |
under / over estimating risk |
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Alternative Medicine |
Health care practices and products used in place of conventional medicine |
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complementary medicine |
health care practices and products used together with conventional medicine |
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CAM |
not yet been shown to be safe and effective using Scientific standards ( Complementary and Alternative medicine) |
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Subluxation |
irregularrities in the Human spine |
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Bio-feed back |
Feedback by a device that provides almost an immediate output of a biological function, such as heart rate or skin temperature - can help with stress and ilness |
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Meditation |
a variety of practices that train attention and awareness concentration meditation- focus attention on one single thing awarness meditation- attention flows freely and examines whatever comes to mind |
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Acupuncture |
ancient chinese practise of inserting thin needles into more that 2000 point in the body to alter energy forces believed to run through the body |
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Homeopathic medicine |
remedies that feature a small dece of an illness- inducing a substance to activate the body's own natural defences. |
