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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Sensation?
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The process by which stimulation of the sensory receptors creates a sensory impression
- This produces neural impulses that make us aware of conditions inside or outside the body |
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What is Perception?
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The organization of sensations into meaningful patterns, which produces one’s experience of sensory information
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Sensory analysis
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The process by which our senses divide sensory info into important elements
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Perceptual features
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Basic stimulus patterns or elements (e.g., lines, shapes, colors, designs, etc.)
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Sensory coding
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The conversion (coding) of sensory information into neural messages that the brain can easily interpret
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Sensory localization
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Activation of different areas of the brain produces different sensory experiences
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Visible spectrum
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The range of electromagnetic energies to which the eyes respond
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Hue
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Basic color categories (e.g., red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet)
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How does vision work?
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Light enters through the pupil (opening in eyeball)
The cornea and the lens focus this light onto the retina (back of the eye) |
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What is the cornea?
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Transparent membrane in the front of the eye that bends light inward to focus incoming images
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What is the lense?
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Projects incoming light rays onto a light-sensitive area in the back of the eye
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What is Accommodation?
(involves lens) |
The process by which muscles attached to the lens alter the shape of the eye
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Retina
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The light-sensitive layer of cells on which images are projected
Contains photoreceptors (light-sensitive cells) |
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Hyperopia (farsightedness)
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Occurs when eye is too short
Can see distant objects clearly, but nearby objects are blurred |
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Presbyopia
(involves hyperopia(farsightedness)) |
Farsightedness caused by aging
Lens becomes less flexible and less able to accommodate |
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Myopia (nearsightedness)
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Occurs when eye is too long
Can see nearby objects clearly, but distant objects are blurred |
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Astigmatism
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Occurs when the cornea or the lens is misshapen (relatively common)
Eye has more than one focal point Part of vision is focused while another part is fuzzy |
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Rods
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100 million
Work best in dim light (more sensitive than cones) Generate only black and white sensations (no color) |
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Cones
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6.5 million
Work best in bright light Responsible for color sensations and fine details |
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Blind Spot
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Area of the retina that lacks any visual receptors
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