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20 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is Sensation?
The process by which stimulation of the sensory receptors creates a sensory impression
- This produces neural impulses that make us aware of conditions inside or outside the body
What is Perception?
The organization of sensations into meaningful patterns, which produces one’s experience of sensory information
Sensory analysis
The process by which our senses divide sensory info into important elements
Perceptual features
Basic stimulus patterns or elements (e.g., lines, shapes, colors, designs, etc.)
Sensory coding
The conversion (coding) of sensory information into neural messages that the brain can easily interpret
Sensory localization
Activation of different areas of the brain produces different sensory experiences
Visible spectrum
The range of electromagnetic energies to which the eyes respond
Hue
Basic color categories (e.g., red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet)
How does vision work?
Light enters through the pupil (opening in eyeball)

The cornea and the lens focus this light onto the retina (back of the eye)
What is the cornea?
Transparent membrane in the front of the eye that bends light inward to focus incoming images
What is the lense?
Projects incoming light rays onto a light-sensitive area in the back of the eye
What is Accommodation?
(involves lens)
The process by which muscles attached to the lens alter the shape of the eye
Retina
The light-sensitive layer of cells on which images are projected
Contains photoreceptors (light-sensitive cells)
Hyperopia (farsightedness)
Occurs when eye is too short
Can see distant objects clearly, but nearby objects are blurred
Presbyopia
(involves hyperopia(farsightedness))
Farsightedness caused by aging
 Lens becomes less flexible and less able to accommodate
Myopia (nearsightedness)
Occurs when eye is too long
Can see nearby objects clearly, but distant objects are blurred
Astigmatism
Occurs when the cornea or the lens is misshapen (relatively common)
Eye has more than one focal point
Part of vision is focused while another part is fuzzy
Rods
100 million
Work best in dim light (more sensitive than cones)
Generate only black and white sensations (no color)
Cones
6.5 million
Work best in bright light
Responsible for color sensations and fine details
Blind Spot
Area of the retina that lacks any visual receptors