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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Information Processing
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1. Attention
2. Sensation 3. Perception 4. Learning |
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Acquiring information and transferring it into memory.
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Encoding
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Atkinson and Shiffrin model-Information flows through these three stages:
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Sensory Memory, Short term memory, and Long term memory
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Second stage of this model:
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short term memory - holds information for a limited amount of time
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Final stage of the model:
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long term memory - has little to no limitations to how much information can be stored. Information goes from short term memory to long term memory.
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Repeating information over and over in order to remember better is __________
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Rehearsal
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Process of grouping similar or meaningful information together. EX: remembering a phone number in groups
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Chunking
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We remember the first and last of a sequence.
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Serial position effect
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Consciously retrieved memories that are easy to verbalize, which include semantic, episodic, and autobiographical information; Also referred to as episodic memories.
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Declarative Memory
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Unconsciously retrieved, hard to verbalize, known as implicit memories. More vague than declarative memories.
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Nondeclarative Memory
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How to do things step by step.
Ex: Brushing Teeth |
Procedural Memory
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consolidates into memory. Makes new memories and stores them in the long term memory.
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Hippocampus
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__________ ____________ are personal experiences organized like a time line. Effected by the prefrontal cortex.
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Episodic Memories
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Remember this
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It is unlikely that subliminal messages can influence human behavior.
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When people are asked to tell what words come to mind when a certain word is said.
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Spreading Activation Model
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Set of expectations about objects and situations
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Schema
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A stimulus that helps aid retrieval
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Cue
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Remember this
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Recognition tasks are helpful with recalling because they provide more cues.
Ex: A multiple choice test is easier than fill in the blank. |
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A step by step process
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Tip of the tongue
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Rebuilding memories based on stored information.
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Reconstruction
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Especially vivid emotional memory
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Flashbulb memory
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Factor in forgetting competition between new and old information in memory
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Interference
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Failure to retrieve negative memories
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Motivated forgetting
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Remember this
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Mnemonic devices aid memory
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_____________ is internal mental processing
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Cognition
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True Fact to remember
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Children think in pictures more than adults
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Situation in which a current state is blocking a desired state by obstacles.
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Problem
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Four steps of problem solving are :
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1. Understand Problem
2. Make plan 3. Carry out plan 4. Reflect |
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Careful formation of problems helps avoid _________________________
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Irrelevant information
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______________________ is a barrier to problem solving.
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Functional Fixedness
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Remember this
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Good decision making is a skill that can be taught
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__________________ uses arbitrary signals, voice sounds and written symbols to communicate.
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Language
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Remember this
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People were able to train a gorilla named Coco to use sign language
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Children learn language through ____________________
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Operant Conditioning
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Remember this
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Human Beings have an inborn capacity to learn languages
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American sign language is processed by __________________________.
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Left hemisphere of the brain
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____________________ were initially made to identify school children who needed help learning.
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IQ tests
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Remember this
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Socioeconomic Status positively correlates with IQ
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Gifted individuals score over _________ on IQ tests
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130
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True Fact
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High intellect does not equate to genius
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Children under the age of _____ should not have any screen time (tv and computer)
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2
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