Psych Ch. 8 & 9 Voc.

Front 1

Learning that certain events occur together. the events may be two stimuli like classical conditioning or a response and its consequences as in operant conditioning

Back 1

Associative Learning

Front 2

A type of learning in which an organism comes to associate stimuli.

Back 2

Classical Conditioning

Front 3

The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with 1 but not 2

Back 3

Behaviorism

Front 4

In classical conditioning, the unlearned naturally occuring response to the unconditioned stimulus

Back 4

Unconditioned Response

Front 5

In classical conditioning a stimulus that unconditionally naturally and automatically triggers a response

Back 5

Unconditioned Stimulus

Front 6

In classical conditioning the learned response to a previously neutral (now conditioned) stimulus

Back 6

Conditioned Response

Front 7

In classical conditioning an originally irrelevant stimulus that after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response

Back 7

Conditioned Stimulus

Front 8

The initial stage in classical conditioning; the phase associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus so that a neutral stimulus comes to elicit a conditioned response

Back 8

Acquisition

Front 9

the diminishing of a conditioned response; occurs in classical conditioning when an unconditioned stimulus does not follow a conditioned stimulus

Back 9

Extinction

Front 10

the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response

Back 10

Spontaneous Recovery

Front 11

The tendancy, once a response has been conditioned for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses

Back 11

Generalization

Front 12

In classical conditioning the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus

Back 12

Discrimination

Front 13

Atype of learning in which behavior is strenghened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher

Back 13

Operant Conditioning

Front 14

behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus; Skinner's term for behavior learned through classical conditioning

Back 14

Operant Behavior

Front 15

Thorndikes principle that behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely and that behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely

Back 15

Law of Effect

Front 16

A chamber also known as the Skinner boc, containing a bar or or key that an animal can manipulate to obtain a food or water reainforcer, with attatched devices to record the animals rate of bar pressing or key pecking.

Back 16

Operant Chamber

Front 17

An operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior.

Back 17

Shaping

Front 18

In operant conditioning any event that stregthens the behavior it follows

Back 18

Reinforcer

Front 19

increasing behaviors by prsenting positive stimuli such as food. A positive reinforcer is any stimulus presented after a response that strengthens the response

Back 19

positive reinforcment

Front 20

Increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing negative stimuli, such as a shock. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that when removed after a response, strengthens the response. Not punishment

Back 20

Negative reinforcment

Front 21

an innately reinforcing stimulus such as one that satisfies a biological need

Back 21

Primary Reinforcer

Front 22

A stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer. Secondary reinforcer

Back 22

Conditioned Reinforcer

Front 23

Reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs

Back 23

Continuous reinforcement

Front 24

reinforcing a response only part of the time. results in slower acquisition of a response but much greater resistance to extinction than does continuous reinforcement

Back 24

Partial (intermittent) reinforcement

Front 25

fin operant conditioning a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses

Back 25

Fixed-ratio schedule